Geological processes, geological environments and medical minerals have a close relationship with human survival and health. The establishment and development of medical geology is therefore helpful to the exploration of their internal relations in a scientific and systematic way, so that geology may play a more important role in life science. The establishment of medical geology is based on the theory that human is closely related to the earth, with the wide applications and researches of medical minerals to the prevention and cure of diseases as the basis for practice, and is technically supported by advances in modern testing and analyzing methods. This paper presents a discussion on medical geology and the basis for its establishment. reveals the broad area of medical geology in the development of geology and life science, and puts forward the policy of gradual development of medical geology.