南京市文化企业空间格局及其影响因素 异质性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-9479.2022.06.2020645

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文化产业作为城市经济的重要支撑，对城市空间形态的演变具有重大影响。以南京市街道（镇）区划尺度，采用文化企业工商注册数据，运用LISA时间路径、LISA时空跃迁、地理加权回归模型等方法，分析南京市文化企业空间分布格局演化过程及其企业区位选择机制。研究发现：①南京市文化企业在空间格局具有明显的空间差异性和空间集聚特征；②南京市文化企业空间格局的演化具有较高的负向空间整合性，不同街道单元类型之间存在一定的转移惰性，中部的近郊区具有相对动态的局部空间结构，东南、西北部的远郊区在空间依赖方向上具有更大的波动性；③产业历史集聚基础、路网密度、高等院校等因素对文化企业区位选择的影响较为突出，表明南京市文化企业选址会考虑到区域的产业集聚程度、企业技术、人才的输入源以及交通通达性。

关键词: 文化企业, 格局演变, 地理加权回归, 南京

Abstract:

The cultural industry not only serves as an important support for the urban economy, but also has a significant impact on the evolution of urban spatial patterns. This study analyzes the evolution of the spatial distribution pattern of Nanjing's cultural enterprises and the mechanism of location choice with the business registration data of cultural and tourism enterprises, taking the Nanjing's sub-district as the spatial scale and using LISA time path, the space-time transition, geographical weighted regression and other methods. The results show that: ①The spatial pattern of Nanjing's cultural enterprises is significantly differentiated and spatially agglomerated.②The evolution of the spatial pattern of cultural enterprises in Nanjing features a high degree of negative spatial integration. Apart from that, it is shown that a certain amount of transfer inertia between different street unit types. Besides, there is a relatively dynamic local spatial structure in the central peri-urban areas, while the southeastern and northwestern distant suburbs have greater fluctuations in the direction of spatial dependence. ③Historical industrial base, road density, tertiary institutions and other factors have a more prominent influence on the choice of location of cultural enterprises. It shows that the location choice of Nanjing cultural enterprises will take into account the degree of industrial agglomeration, enterprise technology, the source of talent, and transportation accessibility.

Key words: cultural enterprises, pattern evolvement, GWR, Nanjing

王婷, 刘培学, 吴国平, 张建新, 郑艾欣, 朱知沛. 南京市文化企业空间格局及其影响因素异质性研究[J]. 世界地理研究, 2022, 31(6): 1310-1320.

Ting WANG, Peixue LIU, Guoping WU, Jianxin ZHANG, Aixin ZHENG, Zhipei ZHU. Spatial pattern evolution of cultural enterprises and the heterogeneity of its influential factors in Nanjing[J]. World Regional Studies, 2022, 31(6): 1310-1320.

图/表 7

图1 南京市文化企业分布

Fig.1 Distribution of cultural enterprises in Nanjing

图2 南京市文化企业LISA空间集聚格局

Fig.2 LISA spatial agglomeration pattern of cultural enterprises in Nanjing

图3 LISA时间路径几何特征空间分布

Fig.3 The spatial distribution of geometrical characteristics of LISA time path

表1 Local Moran's I转移概率矩阵

Tab.1 Local Moran's I transition probability matrix

t\t+1	HH_t+1	LH_t+1	LL_t+1	HL_t+1
HH_t	Ⅳ（0.838）	Ⅰ（0.108）	Ⅲ（0.027）	Ⅱ（0.027）
LH_t	Ⅰ（0.07）	Ⅳ（0.791）	Ⅱ（0.14）	Ⅲ（0）
LL_t	Ⅲ（0.022）	Ⅱ（0.141）	Ⅳ（0.793）	Ⅰ（0.043）
HL_t	Ⅱ（0.25）	Ⅲ（0）	Ⅰ（0.071）	Ⅳ（0.679）

表2 文化企业区位选择解释变量及定义

Tab.2 Explanations of variables of location choice of cultural enterprises

变量类型	变量名称	简写	定义与解释
交通	地铁站点	SUBW	地铁站点数量
交通	路网密度	RDEN	研究单元内路网密度
经济	生产要素成本	LAND	商业用地土地价格
资源	旅游景区	SCEN	4A及以上景区数量
	文博物馆	MUSU	文博物馆数量
	文化产业园	DEVE	市级以上文化产业园区数量
	高等院校	COLL	高等院校数量
企业集聚	产业历史基础	NUMB	十年前每个单元集聚的文化企业数量

表3 OLS模型、GWR模型回归估计结果

Tab.3 Estimation results of OLS and GWR parameters

变量	OLS模型		GWR模型
变量	回归系数	$t$	回归系数	$t ¯$
常数	0.010	0.259	0.012	0.436
SUBW	0.133^**	2.129	0.138^**	2.144
RDEN	0.155^**	1.965	0.155^**	1.967
LAND	0.126^*	1.890	0.145^**	2.041
SCEN	0.048	0.910	0.051	0.927
MUSU	0.005	0.069	0.004	0.084
DEVE	0.053^*	1.750	0.054^*	1.765
COLL	0.158^***	2.734	0.151^***	2.585
NUMB	0.370^***	4.226	0.367^***	5.163
R²	0.823		0.872
调整后R²	0.808		0.848
AICc	132.949		118.235

表3 OLS模型、GWR模型回归估计结果

Tab.3 Estimation results of OLS and GWR parameters

变量	OLS模型		GWR模型
变量	回归系数	$t$	回归系数	$t ¯$
常数	0.010	0.259	0.012	0.436
SUBW	0.133^**	2.129	0.138^**	2.144
RDEN	0.155^**	1.965	0.155^**	1.967
LAND	0.126^*	1.890	0.145^**	2.041
SCEN	0.048	0.910	0.051	0.927
MUSU	0.005	0.069	0.004	0.084
DEVE	0.053^*	1.750	0.054^*	1.765
COLL	0.158^***	2.734	0.151^***	2.585
NUMB	0.370^***	4.226	0.367^***	5.163
R²	0.823		0.872
调整后R²	0.808		0.848
AICc	132.949		118.235

图4 文化企业影响因素的空间分异格局

Fig.4 Spatial patterns of factors influencing cultural enterprises

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