广州珠江新城地区高建筑物雷电回击磁场分析
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广东省气象局面上项目(2016B24) 资助


Statistics Characteristics of Lightning ReturnStroke Electromagnetic Field Produced by TallBuilding in Pearl River New Area of Guangzhou
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    摘要:

    对2011—2012年广州高建筑物雷电观测站获取到的雷电回击磁场波形数据进行统计分析,选取14个高建筑物的27次闪电过程(均为负极性地闪,含回击过程112次),其中44%的闪电个例为单次地闪过程。采用小波软阈值去噪法和基础噪声归零法进行数据预处理,分析发现:选取的回击磁场波形均呈现多峰现象,鉴于高建筑物反射峰的影响,本文只统计初始峰值;选取数据的1次闪电回击次数的算术平均值为42次,高度200 m以下的闪电过程(14次)算术平均回击次数51次,高度200 m以上的闪电过程(13次)算术平均回击次数32次;建筑物越高对磁场峰值的增强作用越显著,击中200 m以上的建筑物上雷电首次回击和继后回击磁场峰值几何平均值分别是200 m以下的22倍和15倍;建筑物高度对回击过程磁场波头上升时间影响不大;继后回击过程磁场波头时间远小于首次回击,与回击电场波形特征一致。

    Abstract:

    The TallObject Lightning Observatory in Guangzhou (TOLOG) can technically observe lightning flashes striking on tall buildings with different heights in the Pearl River New Area of Guangzhou. The waveform data of the lightning magnetic fields for 27 negative cloudtoground lightning (CG), which occurred on 14 high buildings obtained in 2011 and 2012, are collected and analyzed. The CGs include 112 returnstrokes (RSs), and 44% of them were single lightning processes. The softthreshold wavelet denoising method and the basic noise zero method are used for data preprocessing. The waveforms of the selected RS magnetic fields show multipeak patterns. Only the initial peak is valued in this paper due to the influence of the reflection peak existed among the high building group. The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for a lightning is 42 The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for 13 flash cases is 52, which occurred in the buildings below 200 m. The arithmetic mean of the number of strokes for 14 flash cases is 32, which occurred in the buildings above 200 m. The results show that the higher the building is, the more obvious the enhancement of the magnetic field peak value is. The geometric mean of the magnetic field peak values induced by the first and the subsequent returnstrokes occurred in the buildings above 200 m is respectively 22 times and 15 times of those induced by the first and the subsequent returnstrokes occurred in the buildings below 200 m. The building height had little effect on the wave head time. The wave head time of the magnetic field in the subsequent return stroke is far less than that of the first return stroke, which is consistent with the waveform characteristics of the return stroke.

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殷启元,黄惺惺.广州珠江新城地区高建筑物雷电回击磁场分析[J].气象科技,2018,46(2):423~428

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  • 收稿日期:2017-04-03
  • 定稿日期:2017-07-06
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-05-02
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