| 一次寒潮背景下降水相态变化特征分析 |
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| 引用本文：邵宇翔,李 周.一次寒潮背景下降水相态变化特征分析[J].气象与环境科学,2016,39(1):89-95.Shao Yuxiang,Li Zhou.Characteristics Analysis of the Precipitation Phase Transformation During a Cold Wave[J].Meteorological and Environmental Sciences,2016,39(1):89-95. |
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| DOI：10.16765/j.cnki.1673-7148.2016.01.012 |
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| 中文摘要:利用常规气象观测资料和NCEP再分析资料，对2013年4月18日到20日河南出现的一次区域性寒潮天气过程的环流背景、影响系统及寒潮期间降水多相态转换的成因进行了分析。结果表明：本次寒潮过程属于横槽转竖型，冷锋迅速南下，导致寒潮暴发；此次寒潮天气的大气温度层结存在逆温层结构特征，温度廓线的变化会导致降水相态发生变化；受低层冷空气持续影响，暖层强度即融化层遭到一定程度的破坏或消失，冷层即冻结层强度增强，0 ℃层高度下降，以致降水相态发生相应的改变；降水相态的变化与暖层温度及0 ℃层高度密切相关。根据本次寒潮过程中NCEP再分析数据得到：当降水相态为雨时，暖层温度≥2 ℃，0 ℃层高度≤975 hPa；当降水相态为雪时，暖层温度≤-1 ℃，0 ℃层高度≌1000 hPa；当降水相态为冰粒时，2 ℃≥暖层温度≥-1 ℃，1000 hPa≥0 ℃层高度≥975 hPa。 |
| 中文关键词:寒潮 降水相态 暖层强度 0 ℃层高度 |
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| Characteristics Analysis of the Precipitation Phase Transformation During a Cold Wave |
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| Abstract:By using conventional observation data and the 1°×1° NCEP reanalysis data, the circulation background, synoptic weather systems and the formation mechanism of the regional cold wave on 1820 April 2013 in Henan are discussed. The cause of precipitation phase transformation during this cold wave is analyzed too. The results show: the cold wave is caused by the horizontal trough turning to longitudinal one, and the cold front moves quickly to the south. The atmospheric temperature stratification during the cold wave have inversion layer, changes of temperature profile will cause the precipitation phase transformation. Due to the continuous influence of the cold air, the melting layer is destroyed or disappear, the strength of condensate layer increase, and the height of 0 ℃ layer decrease. Changes in precipitation phase are closely related to the strength of the warm layer temperature and 0 ℃ layer height. Base on the NCEP reanalysis data, when the precipitation phase is rain, the warm layer temperature is greater than or equal 2 ℃, the 0 ℃ layer height is less than or equal 975 hPa. When the precipitation phase is snow, the warm layer temperature is less than or equal -1 ℃, the 0 ℃ layer height is about 1000 hPa. When the precipitation phase is ice pellets, the warm layer temperature is greater than or equal -1 ℃ and less than or equal 2 ℃ at the same time, the 0 ℃ layer height is greater than or equal 975 hPa and less than or equal 1000 hPa. |
| Keywords:cold wave precipitation phase warm layer strength 0 ℃ layer height |
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