| 康永德,杨兴华,霍文,杨帆,何清,艾力.买买提明.沙尘天气下输沙率的野外观测与分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2019,13(1):63~69 |
| 沙尘天气下输沙率的野外观测与分析 |
| Field Observation Test of Sediment Transport Rate In Sand Dust Weather |
| 投稿时间：2017-06-20 修订日期：2017-07-19 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2019.01.009 |
| 中文关键词: 跃移 近地层 输沙率 塔克拉玛干沙漠 |
| 英文关键词:Saltation Near formation Sediment transport rate Taklimakan Desert |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(批准号：41375163)资助； |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3025 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用风速仪、微梯度集沙仪,于2014.7～2014.8在塔中地区收集了0～5mm、5～15mm、15～35mm、35～85mm四个高度层野外实测数据,研究表明：0-85mm高度层内,在风沙流中搬运的总沙量相近时,随着风速的增加,贴近床面的上层(35-85mm)无论是绝对的输沙量、亦是相对的输沙量都减少。各层输沙率最大值均出现在风速为8m.s-1左右,波动较为显著,最小值出现在6.5m.s-1左右,波动不明显；当风速小于8m.s-1时,风速对输沙率的影响高度主要在0～35mm内。沙尘天气中,输沙率随风速的增大而增加,主要集中于贴地层0～35mm,但各层之间又有明显的波动变化,最大值出现在5～15mm高度,最小值出现在35～85mm高。扬沙天气,风速大于9.2m.s-1时,输沙率最大值在0～5mm处。沙尘暴天气,各高度输沙率变化趋势与扬沙天气相似,但拐点风速为7.5m.s-1,小于7.5m.s-1时,输沙率增加不显著,大于7.5m.s-1,输沙率增加显著。野外观测试验所得的输沙率数据不仅有理论意义,而且是合理制定防止工矿、交通设施和居民点等不受沙埋的措施的主要依据,即是风沙工程设计的一个极重要工程参数,具有重要的实践意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| using micro anemometer, gradient sand collector, from 2014.7 to 2014.8 in Tazhong area from 0 ~ 5mm, 5 ~ 15mm, 15 ~ 35mm and 35 ~ four 85mm height field data, research shows that: the 0-85mm layer, the total amount of sediment transport in the sand flow in. And with the increase of wind speed, close to the upper bed surface (35-85mm) both the absolute amount of sediment, the sediment is also relatively reduced. The transport rate of the highest values in the wind speed is about 8m.s-1, the fluctuation is obvious, the minimum value appeared at about 6.5m.s-1, the fluctuation is not obvious; when the wind speed is less than 8m.s-1. The influence of wind speed on the sediment transport rate of height is mainly in 0~35mm. Dust weather, transport rate of sand increases with wind speed increasing, mainly concentrated in the near surface layer of 0 ~35mm, but also between the layers fluctuated obviously, the maximum value appeared in 5~15mm, the minimum value appeared in 35~ 85mm high. When the wind velocity is greater than 9.2m.s-1, the maximum sediment transport rate is between 0 and 5mm. The variation trend of sediment transport rate at different height is similar to sand blowing weather, but the inflection point wind speed is 7.5m.s-1, and the sediment transport rate is not significant when it is less than 7.5m.s-1, which is greater than 7.5m.s-1, and the sediment transport rate increases significantly. A field experiment of the sediment transport rate data has not only theoretical significance, but also is the main basis to prevent reasonable mining, traffic facilities and residential areas were not affected by sand burial measures, which is a very important parameter of wind engineering in engineering design, has important practical significance. |
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