| 金丽娜.2014-2017年西安市城市热岛、冷岛精细化时空特征分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2021,15(1):97~102 |
| 2014-2017年西安市城市热岛、冷岛精细化时空特征分析 |
| Spatial and temporal characteristics of urban heat island and cold island in Xi'an from 2014 to 2017 |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-10 修订日期：2019-11-06 |
| DOI：10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2021.01.013 |
| 中文关键词: 精细化 热岛 冷岛 时空特征 |
| 英文关键词:Refinement heat island cold island spatio -temporal characteristics |
| 基金项目:2013年国家科技基础性工作专项“典型城市人居环境质量综合调查与城市气候环境图集编制”(2013FY112500)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选取1971—2017 年7个国家级气象站的气温资料，分析年代际的气温变化特征及城郊温差、城县温差；选取2014—2017年103个国家考核区域气象站及7个国家级气象站逐时气温资料，利用标准化相对气温法，研究西安市城市热岛、冷岛的年、季平均空间分布特征，以及逐日热岛、冷岛变化规律。结果显示：1971—2017年城区、郊区和郊县气温均呈上升趋势，且城区增温速率最大，郊县增温速率最小，进入21世纪后，城市热岛效应较为显著。西安市城市热岛、冷岛现象明显，且均表现为“多中心”特征，热岛中心多为老城区及旅游中心，建筑物面积和人口密度占绝对优势；冷岛中心多为地势较高、水域绿被覆盖较大、非人口密集区的秦岭坡脚线附近。城区代表站的年、春季、夏季、秋季基本处于平稳状态，年、春季、夏季早晨6-7时热岛强度最大，秋季、冬季夜间23时热岛强度最大；郊区代表站和郊县代表站的年及四季热岛、冷岛强度均有明显的日变化特征，且变化趋势相反；郊区代表站10时热岛转为冷岛，春、夏季16-17时转为热岛，年及秋、冬两季19-20转为热岛；郊县代表站年、春季、夏季6-7时冷岛强度最大，秋季、冬季夜间2时冷岛强度最大，8时后冷岛开始减弱，12-13时为最弱后开始增强。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Temperature data from 1971 to 2017 national meteorological stations were selected to analyze the interdecadal variation characteristics of temperature and temperature difference between city and suburb, temperature difference between city and suburb; hourly temperature data of 103 national assessment regional meteorological stations and 7 national meteorological stations from 2014 to 2017 were selected, used standardized Relative Temperature Method, Studied on the annual and seasonal mean spatial distribution characteristics of urban heat island and cold island in Xi'an, and the daily variation of heat island and cold island. The results showed that:
from 1971 to 2017, the temperatures in urban, suburban and suburban counties all showed an upward trend, and the rate of temperature increase in urban areas was the largest, while that in suburban counties was the smallest; after entering the 21st century, the urban heat island effect was more significant.The phenomena of urban heat island and cold island in Xi'an were obvious, and they all showed the characteristics of "multi-center", most of the heat island centers are old urban areas and tourist centers, with the absolute predominance of building area and population density, most of the cold island centers are near the footline of Qinling slope in the high terrain, large water green coverage and non-densely populated areas. The year, spring, summer and autumn of representative stations in urban areas were basically in a stable state, the intensity of heat island was the highest at 6-7 o'clock in the year, spring and summer, the intensity of heat island was the highest at 23 o'clock in autumn and winter at night; there were obvious diurnal variations in annual and seasonal intensity of heat island and cold island in suburban representative stations and suburban county representative stations, and the trend was opposite; suburban representative station hot island changed to cold island at 10 o'clock, changed to heat island at 16-17 o'clock in spring and summer, changed to heat island at 19-20 o'clock in autumn and winter; the intensity of cold island was the strongest at 6-7 o'clock in the year, spring and summer at representative stations of suburban counties, the intensity of cold island was the strongest at 2 o'clock in autumn and winter, the cold island began to weaken after 8 o'clock, and began to strengthen from 12 to 13 o'clock. |
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