| 摘要: |
| 于2012年4—12月, 采用生态学的方法, 选择了崇明东滩潮间带的5条断面, 研究了大型底栖动物群落的空间分布现状。结果表明, 在崇明东滩共发现大型底栖动物40种, 其年均丰度为(210.30±93.56)ind/m2, 年均生物量为(74.07±16.03)g/m2, 生物多样性指数d、H′与J分别为1.81± 0.41、2.55±0.38、0.67±0.11。群落聚类和MDS分析表明南北断面存在较明显的差异。根据2000年和2006年的历史资料, 分析了底栖动物群落结构长期演变的过程和规律。结果显示, 东滩大型底栖动物群落的物种数、丰度和生物量均减少; 平均分类差异指数(?+)呈减小趋势, 而分类差异变异指数(?+)呈增加趋势, 反映了组成群落的物种之间亲缘关系越来越近。环境变化和人为干扰是导致群落结构趋于简单化的主要原因。 |
| 关键词: 潮间带 大型底栖动物 空间分布 分类多样性 历史演变 |
| DOI：10.11693/hyhz201304036036 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项, 201203065-04号。 |
附件 |
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| SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND TEMPORAL SUCCESSION OF MACROZOOBENTHOS IN THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF CHONGMING EAST SHOAL |
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YU Ji, MA Chang-An, LÜ Wei-Wei, TIAN Wei, ZHANG Ming-Qing, ZHAO Yun-Long
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School of Life Science, East China Normal University
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| Abstract: |
| The spatial distribution of macrozoobenthic community in five transects of the intertidal zone of Chongming East Shoal was investigated from April to December in 2012. A total number of 40 species was found. The average values of abundance and biomass were (210.30±93.56)ind/m2 and (74.07±16.03)g/m2, respectively. Correspondingly, the average values of biodiversity indexes d, H′ and J were 1.81±0.41, 2.55±0.38, 0.67±0.11. Cluster and MDS analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the southern transects and the northern ones. Using similar historical data from 2000 to 2006, the process of the long-term succession of macrozoobenthic community structure in Chongming East Shoal was also analyzed. This historical study indicated that the species number, abundance, and biomass in this area were decreasing. The average taxonomic distinctness (?+) also displayed a decreasing trend, while the variation in taxonomic distinctness (?+) had an increasing trend, suggesting a closer genetic relationship among species in community. Environmental change and anthropogenic disturbance may be the major causes for the simplification of community structure. |
| Key words: intertidal zone macrozoobenthos spatial distribution taxonomic diversity temporal succession |
