南海北部微微型光合浮游生物的丰度及环境调控

宁修仁; 蔡昱明; 李国为; 史君贤

南海北部微微型光合浮游生物的丰度及环境调控

1.
国家海洋局海洋动力过程与卫星海洋学重点实验室, 浙江, 杭州, 310012;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 浙江, 杭州, 310012
2.
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 浙江, 杭州, 310012
3.
加拿大贝德福海洋研究所, Dartmouth Nova Scotia, Canada

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(49776309,40176035)

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2001-11-26
- 修回日期: 2002-02-25

Photosynthetic picoplankton in the northern South China Sea

1.
Key Laboratory of Oceanic Dynamics Processes and Satellite Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012, China;Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada

摘要

摘要: 1999年夏季首次在南海北部海域进行了微微型光合浮游生物(photosynthetic picoplankton)的观测研究,发现了聚球藻(Synechococcus,Syn)、原绿球藻(Prochlorococcus,Pro)和真核球藻(Eukaryotes,Euk)3类微微型光合浮游生物存在,并对其丰度与分布及其环境调控机制进行了研究.结果表明,研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk丰度的总平均值分别为(5.0±7.6)×10⁴,(4.6±4.2)×10⁴和(1.8±1.1)×10³个/cm³,Syn种群丰度的高值大多出现在营养盐丰富的雷州半岛及海南岛东部海域的河口、沿岸带与陆架,北部湾次之,是陆坡和开阔海的数十分之一;其水层分布主要在跃层以上,跃层以下其值迅速降低,发现Pro存在两个不同种群:表层种群和深层种群,前者分布型式与Syn相似,后者的分布型式迥然不同,其丰度向营养盐贫瘠的外海、陆坡和开阔海显著增高;同时发现Pro水层分布的高值主要出现在真光层的底部,并往往出现在硝酸盐跃层之上,Euk在不同海域的分布差异不如Syn和Pro来得大,但仍以沿岸带与陆架为高,陆坡与开阔海较低,水层分布的高值大多出现在真光层的底部,而且它是对次表层叶绿素a极大值的主要贡献者,这些分布型式的差异,取决于环境的调控和3类生物生态生理适应的差异.研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk 3类微微型光合浮游生物对微微型光合浮游生物生态生理适应的差异.研究海区Syn,Pro和Euk3类微微型光合浮游生物对微微型光合浮游生物群落总丰度的贡献分别为50.996,47.3%和1.8%.
- 聚球藻 /
- 原绿球藻 /
- 微微型光合真核生物 /
- 丰度与分布 /
- 南海
Abstract: During summer of 1999,the investigations of abundance and distribution of the three photosynthetic picoplankton-Synechococcus(Syn),Prochlorococcus(Pro) and Picoeukaryotes(Euk) and their environmentally regulating mechanisms were firstly carried out in the northern South China Sea.The results show that the average values of Syn,Pro and Euk abundances are(5.0±7.6)×10⁴ cell/cm³,(4.6±4.2)×10⁴ cell/cm³ and(1.8±1.1)×10³ cell/cm³,respectively.The most of high values of Syn population abundance appeared in the estuaries,coast and continental shelf in the sea area to the east of Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island,where nutrients were rich,and those appeared in the Beibu Gulf were secondary,while those appeared in continental slope and open sea were one tenths of the above those.Its distribution in water column was mainly above the thermocline and the value below it sharply lowered.The distribution pattern of Pro was markedly different from that of Syn; its abundance of communities at deep layers markedly increased towards outer sea,continental slope and open sea where nutrients were poor; the high values mainly occurred at the bottom of euphotic depth and above the nitrate-cline.The distribution difference of Euk in different sea areas is less than those of Syn and Pro,but it was higher in coast and continental shelf and lower in continental slope and open sea.The high values of Euk in the water column mostly appeared at the bottom of euphotic depth and it made a major contribution to subsurface chlorophyll maximum(SCM).These different distribution patterns depend on environmental regulation and difference of the ecological and physiological adaptation.In addition,in this study,it was discovered that two different populations of Pro at the surface and deep layer existed in the northern South China Sea and often vigorously grew above the nitrate-cline.The contributions of Syn,Pro and Euk,the three photosynthetic picoplankton,to total abundance of photosynthetic picoplankton in the studiy sea area were 50.9%,47.3%and 1.8% respectively.
- photosynthetic picoplankton /
- abundance and distribution /
- South China Sea /

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