福建省罗源湾互花米草扩展过程及其特征分析

吴德力; 沈永明; 杜永芬; 王艳芳

福建省罗源湾互花米草扩展过程及其特征分析

1.
南京师范大学地理科学学院江苏省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室, 江苏南京 210023
2.
南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室, 江苏南京 210093

基金项目: 气候变化重大基础研究项目（973项目）（2013CB956503）；国家自然科学基金项目（40973053；40906066）；中国博士后基金（20100471303）。

计量
- 文章访问数: 1838
- HTML全文浏览量: 11
- PDF下载量: 1176
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-06-29

The expanding process and characteristics of Spartina alterniflora in Luoyuan Bay of Fujian Province, China

1.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change & Ecological Construction, College of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coast and Island Development, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨外来引种的互花米草（Spartina alterniflora Loisel）在我国海湾的扩展过程，根据1989-2010年遥感影像和野外观测数据，对罗源湾互花米草的分布特征进行分析，结果显示，对该区互花米草近20 a的扩展过程划分为3个阶段：前5 a其沿着高潮带平行于海岸线呈带状扩展；之后5 a在中潮带向湾内快速拓殖；后10 a则扩展缓慢，种群内部的空隙地逐渐被米草覆盖。截至2010年，罗源湾互花米草的总面积约为741.13 hm²。受潮滩环境分带性影响，罗源湾互花米草在高潮带平行于海岸线的扩展速度明显大于垂直于海岸线的扩展速度；在中潮带的快速扩展过程中互花米草倾向于先在潮沟两侧分布，这可能与归槽水和滩面摩阻作用有关，相比较，互花米草在浅洼地的扩展较滞后，该区域随着滩面的淤高过程逐渐被米草覆盖。在其整个扩展过程中，由于互花米草对潮流及悬浮颗粒的阻滞作用，使得其扩展前缘米草斑块和连续种群之间的光滩区成为悬浮颗粒及米草种子容易沉降的区域，互花米草易朝向该区域扩展。
- 滨海湿地 /
- 互花米草 /
- 扩展过程 /
- 罗源湾
Abstract: As an "ecological engineer", Spartina alterniflora was introduced to China from North Carolina, Georgia and Florida, in 1979,and transplanted firstly in the Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, China. To explore the expanding process of S. alterniflora, their characteristics of distribution were analyzed using the remote sensing data of 1989-2010 and field investigations as well. The results show that the expanding process of S. alterniflora on the tidal flat can be divided into three phases: the first phase of 1989-1994, where it expands along the high tidal zone; the second phase of 1995-2000, the coverage of S. alterniflora increases rapidly in the middle tidal zone; the last 10 a of 2000-2010, it expands slowly obviously, and the gaps area within populations is covered gradually by the vegetation. In the Louyuan Bay, the total area of S. alterniflora reached approximately 741.13 hm² up to 2010. The expanding rate of S. alterniflora along the high tidal zone that is parallel to coastal line is higher greatly than that in the area perpendicular to the coastal line; meanwhile the S. alterniflora exhibits different diffusion characteristics in different areas resulted from the impact of the tidal flow and particle deposition. During their quick diffusion, S. alterniflora appears to be distributed along the sides of tidal channels, which may be related to the tidal flow into the tidal channels and the friction effect from sediment boundary. In comparison, the expanding rate of the S. alterniflora is slow in shallow depressions, where is covered gradually by the plant with the deposition of sediments. It is the inhibition effect of tidal flow and trapping effect of the fine particle form S. alterniflora that makes an appearance of a special zone with a weak tidal flow between patches of the S. alterniflora population. This area is a prevail zone for the potential spread of S. alterniflora in the future.
- coastal wetlands /
- Spatina alterniflora /
- expanding process /
- Luoyuan Bay of Fujian Province, China

HTML全文

参考文献(37)

徐国万, 卓荣宗. 我国引种互花米草 (Spartina alterniflora Loisel) 的初步研究:Ⅰ.米草研究的进展[G]//22年来的研究成果论文集. 南京: 南京大学出版社, 1985: 212-225.

左平, 刘长安, 赵书河, 等. 米草属植物在中国海岸带的分布现状[J]. 海洋学报, 2009, 31 (5) : 101-111.

王卿, 安树青, 马志军, 等. 入侵植物互花米草 - 生物学、生态学及管理[J]. 植物分类学报, 2006, 44 (5) : 559-588.

沈永明, 刘咏梅, 陈全站. 江苏沿海互花米草 (Spartina alterniflora Loisel) 盐沼扩展过程的遥感分析[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2002, 11 (2) : 33-38.

张忍顺, 沈永明, 陆丽云, 等. 江苏沿海互花米草 (Spartina alterniflora Loisel) 盐沼的形成过程[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2005, 36 (4) : 358-366.

刘永学, 李满春, 张忍顺. 江苏沿海互花米草盐沼动态变化及影响因素研究[J]. 湿地科学, 2004, 2 (2) : 116-121.

曹大正, 王银生, 张冬然, 等. 互花米草在吹填筑挡工程上的实验与应用[J]. 中国工程科学, 2005, 7 (7) : 14-23.

钦佩, 经美德, 谢民. 福建罗源湾盐沼中三种生态型互花米草的比较[J]. 南京大学学报:自然科学, 1985, 40: 226-236.

蔡爱智, 蔡月娥. 罗源湾的现代沉积[J]. 厦门大学学报:自然科学版, 1989, 28 (增刊) : 19-27.

许镇祖, 高世和, 杨圣云. 罗源湾的环境特点[J]. 厦门大学学报:自然科学版, 1989, 28 (增刊) : 1-6.

刘修德, 鲍献文, 刘容子, 等. 福建省海湾数模与环境研究——罗源湾[M]. 北京:海军出版社, 2010: 1-10.

王爱军, 叶翔, 陈坚. 罗源湾海岸盐沼悬沙粒度及沉降速率的观测和分析[J]. 海洋学报, 2009, 31 (2) : 165-174.

任明达, 柳林, 王安龙. 粉砂淤泥质潮滩的多波段与多时相卫片解译[J]. 海洋学报, 1990, 12 (6) : 741-748.

张鹰, 邱永红. 海岸带地物特征的遥感信息提取方法[J]. 海洋预报, 2002, 19 (3) : 14-21.

钦佩, 经美德, 谢民. 福建罗源湾互花米草盐沼中氮、磷、钾元素分布的研究[J]. 海洋科学, 1988 (4) : 62-67.

徐万国, 卓荣宗, 曹豪, 等. 互花米草生物量年动态及其与滩涂生境的关系[J]. 植物生态学与地植物学学报, 1989, 13 (3) : 230-235.

高志强. 福建滨海滩地米草资源开发利用问题[J]. 福建农业大学学报, 1996, 25 (1) : 72-77.

王颖, 朱大奎, 曹桂云. 潮滩沉积环境与岩相对比研究[J]. 沉积学报, 2003, 21 (4) : 539-546.

袁连奇, 张利权. 调控淹水对互花米草生理影响的研究[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 2010, 41 (2) : 175-179.

张忍顺, 王雪瑜. 江苏淤泥质海岸潮沟系统[J]. 地理学报, 1991, 46 (2) : 195-206.

汪亚平, 张忍顺, 高抒. 论盐沼-潮沟系统的地貌动力响应[J]. 科学通报, 1998, 43 (21) : 2315-2320.

王爱军, 叶翔, 黄财宾, 等. 互花米草对泉州湾盐沼表层沉积物输运的影响[J]. 台湾海峡, 2010, 29 (1) : 66-72.

王初, 贺宝根, 周乃晟, 等. 长江口崇明东滩盐沼前缘地带悬浮泥沙横向通量的潮周期变化[J]. 海洋学报, 2009, 31 (1) : 143-151.

李华, 杨世伦. 潮间带盐沼植物对海岸沉积动力过程影像的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2007, 22 (6) : 583-591.

Taylor C M, Davis H G. Consequences of an Allee effect in the invasion of a Pacific estuary by Spartina alterniflora[J]. Ecology, 2004, 85 (12) : 3254-3266.

Davis H G, Taylor C M, Civille J C, et al. An Allee effect at the front of a plant invasion: Spartina in a Pacific estuary[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2004, 92: 321-327.

GROOM M J. Allee effects limit population viability of an annual plant[J]. American Naturalist, 1998, 151: 487-496.

庄武艺, 谢佩尔 J. 海草对潮滩沉积作用的影响[J]. 海洋学报, 1991, 13 (2) : 230-239.

徐伟伟, 王国祥, 刘金娥, 等. 苏北海滨湿地互花米草种子特征及实生苗生长[J]. 生态学报, 2011, 31 (16) : 4560-4567.

Lambrinos J G, Bando K J. Habitat modification inhibits conspecific seedling r楥牣潲湵浩整湭瑥慮汴?卩据椠数湯捰敵獬???は????????㈠??????????扣牯?孹??嵥?匠慥湮摧敩牮獥潥湲???圮??啩獯瑬楯湧?卣?????潶楡湳?呯????吲栰攰?椬渠昱氰町攠渷挲改?漷昴?琮椼摢慲氾?挳栱慝渠湘敩污獯?潄湥?瑧桲敯?摧椬猠瑚牨楡扮畧琠楌潩湱?潡普?猠慚汨瑵?浚慨牥獮桧?灨污慮湧琮?獔灨敥挠楲敡獮?椠湥?偰敡瑮慳?汯畮洠慰??慴牥獲桮??????啥卭?孓?嵡??偩汮慡渠瑡??捥潲汮潩杦祬????????????????????扳牨?孳??嵮?剴潨獥猠潙?偮????唠獅瑳楴湵?卲?????慩獮瑡楛湊杝献????啵獡敲?潮晥?氠楃摯慡牳?瑡潬?獡瑮畤搠祓?捥桬慦渠杓散獩?慮獣獥漬挠椲愰琱攰搬?眸椸琺栠??攭洱?匴瀮愼牢瑲椾湛愳??攠浄??楨湬癥慲猠楃漠湃?椠湓?卲慯湮??牄愠湒挮椠獖捡潲??慢祬?洠慲牥獰桲敯獤孵?嵴??剥攠浯潵瑴数?却攠湡獭楯湮杧?潣晬??湥癳椠牯潦渠洼敥湭琾???ひぴ???ㄠちぬ???????は???戼爯?孭??崨??慡浣灥扡敥氩氠???????畧???????湡潮硣??????敡瑹?愠汃???慦硯楲浮楩穡椺渠杴?敥洠灩潮睦敬牵?潮湣?愠?桦甠浨慥湲?摩潶浯楲湹愬琠数摯?灬汩慮湡整瑩??琬栠敡?牤漠汥敳?潡晢?敩硳潨瑭楥据?攠浳??卥灛慊牝琮椠湁慭??敩浣?孮?嵊???据潡汬漠杯楦挠慂汯??湮杹椬渠攱改爹椴測朠??呼???????″??????????????杨明明, 李俊祥, 等. 崇明东滩互花米草的无性扩散能力[J]. 华东师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2006, 3 (2) : 130-135.

Feist B E, Simenstad C A. Expansion rates and recruitment frequency of exotic smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflor (Loisel) , colonizing unvegetated littoral flats in Willapa Bay, Washington[J]. Estuaries, 2000, 23 (2) : 267-274.

邓自发, 安树青, 智颖飙, 等. 外来种互花米草入侵模式与爆发机制[J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26 (8) : 2678-2686.

Grevstad F S. Simulating control strategies for a spatially structured weed invasion: Spartina alterniflora (Loisel) in Pacific coast estuaries[J]. Biological Invasion, 2005, 7:665-677.

Li Bo, Liao Chengzhang, Zhang Xiaodong, et al. Spartina alterniflora invasions in the Yangtze River estuary, China: an overview of current status and ecosystem effect[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2009, 35: 511-520.

Tyler A C, Zieman J C. Pattens of development in the creekbank region of a barrier island Spartina alterniflora marsh[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1999, 180: 161-177.

Daehler C C, Strong D R. Status, prediction and prevention of introduced cord grass Spartina spp. invasions in Pacific estuaries, USA[J]. Biological Conservation, 1996, 78: 51-58.

Zhang Wenlong, Zeng Congsheng, Tong Chuan, et al. Analysis of the expanding process of the Spartina alterniflora salt marsh in Shanyutan wetland, Minjiang River estuary by remote sensing[J]. Procedia Env

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计