| 引用本文: | 蒋文良,陈胜林,李永明,张德普,刘栋,李敏,高梦娟,吕振波,任中华.渤海湾南部滩涂贝类群落结构特征及其环境因子相关性研究[J].海洋科学,2023,47(10):52-64. |
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| 渤海湾南部滩涂贝类群落结构特征及其环境因子相关性研究 |
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蒋文良1, 陈胜林2, 李永明2, 张德普3, 刘栋1, 李敏1, 高梦娟1, 吕振波1, 任中华1
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1.鲁东大学 滨海生态高等研究院, 山东 烟台 264003;2.滨州市海洋发展研究院, 山东 滨州 256600;3.上海海洋大学 海洋科学学院, 上海 201306
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| 摘要: |
| 本研究以渤海湾南部(滨州)滩涂为研究区域,设置6个断面共36个采样站位,覆盖潮间带(高潮带-中潮带-低潮带)和潮下带,研究该区域贝类资源群落结构特征及其环境因子相关性。结果表明:整个调查区域常见贝类总共有30种。潮间带共有23种常见贝类,优势种为光滑篮蛤(Potamocorbula laevis Hinds 1843)、四角蛤蜊(Mactra quadrangularis Reeve 1854)、短文蛤(Meretrix petechialis Lamarck 1799);潮下带共有26种常见贝类,优势种为中国蛤蜊(Mactra chinensisi Philippi 1846)、等边浅蛤(Gomphina aequilatera Sowerby 1825)、朝鲜笋螺(Terebra koreana Yoo 1976)、红带织纹螺(Nassarius succinctus A.Adams 1852)、纵肋织纹螺(Nassarius variciferus A.Adams 1851);潮间带贝类多样性指数(H')和均匀度指数(J')显著高于潮下带,而丰富度指数(D)则相反;潮间带贝类生物量(710.16 g/m2)和栖息密度(4 523个/m2)远高于潮下带(17.10 g/m2,35个/m2)。群落结构多元统计分析将贝类按照站位划分为5个组群,包括东侧潮下带、西侧潮下带、西侧潮间带、东侧潮间带以及D4站位。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明,对潮间带贝类影响较大的环境因子主要为沉积物的粒径以及砂、粉砂含量,而对潮下带贝类影响较大的主要为浮游植物密度、沉积物的粒径以及砂、粉砂和黏土含量。渤海湾南部(滨州)滩涂贝类资源较为丰富,但应从不同滩涂区域生态特性的角度出发,加强贝类的保护和资源修复,本研究可为该区域贝类的资源养护和可持续利用提供数据基础。 |
| 关键词: 渤海湾南部 滨州 滩涂 贝类 群落结构 环境因子相关性 |
| DOI：10.11759/hykx20230315002 |
| 分类号:S932.2 |
| 基金项目:农业农村部“黄河三角洲近岸贝类资源修复关键技术探讨”(A060102-17220231);滨州市海洋发展和渔业局“滨州市周边海域海水贝类资源调查与评价项目”HRGJBZ-2020-005) |
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| Characteristics of the shellfish community structure and its correlation with environmental factors in the southern tidal flats of Bohai Bay |
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JIANG Wen-liang1, CHEN Sheng-lin2, LI Yong-ming2, ZHANG De-pu3, LIU Dong1, LI Min1, GAO Meng-juan1, LV Zhen-bo1, REN Zhong-hua1
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1.Ludong University, Institute for Advanced Study of Coastal Ecology, Yantai 264025, China;2.Binzhou Ocean Development Research Institute, Binzhou 256600, China;3.Shanghai Ocean University, Institute of Marine Science, Shanghai 201306, China
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to investigate the community structure characteristics of shellfish and their correlation with the environmental factors in southern Bohai Bay (Binzhou) by setting up 36 sampling stations in six sections covering the tidal flats (high tidal flats, middle tidal flats, and low tidal flats) and the subtidal zone. The results showed that a total of 30 shellfish species were collected in the tidal flats and the subtidal zone. 23 species were observed in the tidal flats, with the dominant species of Potamocorbula laevis (Hinds 1843), Mactra quadrangularis (Reeve 1854), and Meretrix petechialis (Lamarck 1799) and 26 species were observed in the subtidal zone with the dominant species of Mactra chinensisi (Philippi 1864), Gomphina aequilatera, Terebra koreana (Yoo 1976),Nassarius succinctus (A. Adams 1852), and Nassarius variciferus (A. Adams 1851) The diversity index (H') and evenness index (J') in the tidal flats were significantly higher than those in the subtidal zone, whereas the richness index (D) showed the opposite trend. The biomass (710.16 g/m2) and density (4523 /m2) of the shellfish in the tidal flats were significantly higher than those in the subtidal zone (17.10 g/m2; 35 /m2). Additionally, multivariate analysis of the community structure revealed that shellfish were divided into five groups, including the eastern subtidal zone, the western subtidal zone, the western tidal flats, the eastern tidal flats, and the area including only the D4 station. Moreover, redundancy analysis was conducted to study the correlation between the dominant shellfish species and the environmental factors of the tidal flats and subtidal zones. The results showed that particle size and sand or silt content of the sediment were major factors affecting the shellfish distribution in the tidal flats, whereas phytoplankton density, particle size, and sand, silt, or clay content of the sediment were major factors affecting the shellfish distribution in the subtidal zone. Shellfish resources are abundant in southern Bohai Bay (Binzhou), but the protection or restoration of shellfish resources should be strengthened based on the ecological characteristics of the different tidal areas. This study provides a basis for the conservation and sustainable utilization of shellfish resources in the Bohai Bay region. |
| Key words: Southern Bohai Bay Binzhou tidal zone shellfish community structure correlation with environmental factors |
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