琼北火山活动分期与全新世岩浆演化
Periods of volcanic activity and magma evolution of Holocene in North Hainan Island
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摘要: 琼北火山活动始于始新世以来，早第三纪火山岩以夹层隐伏于不同时期的地层中。本文新提供的琼北火山岩K-AT年龄和砂岩捕虏体热释光年龄，从年代学上确定了琼北存在全新世火山喷发活动。琼北地表火山岩从早到晚分为6期：蓬莱期(中新世)、金牛岭期(上新世)、多文岭期(早更新世)、东英期(中更新世)、道堂期(晚更新世)、雷虎岭期(全新世)。雷虎岭期又分为早晚两个亚期：雷虎岭亚期和马鞍岭亚期，它们分别属于橄榄拉斑玄武岩和石英拉斑玄武岩。火山岩稀土元素、微量元素和Sr，Nd，Pb同位素地球化学特征揭示，岩浆来自亏损地幔(DMM)和富集岩石圈或亏损地幔(DMM)与俯冲洋壳两种不同的地球化学组分混合源区。橄榄拉斑玄武岩是相对原始的地幔岩浆。橄榄拉斑玄武岩岩浆经约10％橄榄石分离结晶可以形成石英拉斑玄武岩浆。岩浆上升过程中未受明显的陆壳混染。Abstract: Volcanic activity of North Hainan Island started in Eocene. Eogene volcanic rocks hidden in different sedimentary stratain type of intermediate layer. Here we present six K-Ar ages of basalt and two Th ages of sandstone xenolith in the basalt. The new agedata provide the evidence of Holocene volcanic activity in North Hainan Island. Volcanic rocks exposed on the earth's surface in NorthHainan Island can be divided into six periods according to times, namely Penglai Period (Miocene), Jinniuling Period (Pliocene),Duowenling Period (Early Pleistocene), Dongying Period (Middle Pleistocene), Daotang Period (Late Pleistocene) and LeihulingPeriod (Holocene). Leihuling Period can be divided into two sub-periods: Leihuling Sub-period and Ma' anling Sub-period,respectively. Volcanic rocks of Leihuling Sub-period belong to olivine tholeiite, whereas, volcanic rocks of Ma' anling Sub-period arequartz tholeiite. The REE, trace elements and Sr, Nd, Pb isotopes characteristics reveal that the magma comes from a mixing source ofDMM and enriched lithosphere or DMM and ocean crust subduction. Olivine tholeiite magma is relatively primitive magma in themantle. Quartz tholeiite could have been formed by about 10% olivine crystal fractionation of olivine tholeiite magma. No evidenceshows the crust contamination during the uplift of magma.
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Key words:
- Periods of volcanic activity /
- Magma evolution /
- Holocene /
- North Hainan Island
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