桂北新元古代强过铝花岗岩的成因：锆石年代学和Hf同位素制约
Petrogenesis of the Neoproterozoic strongly peraluminons granitoids from Northern Guangxi:constraints from zircon geochronology and Hf isotopes.
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摘要: 处于江南造山带的西端的桂北发育有大量前寒武纪火成岩,其中,强过铝花岗岩所占面积大于90%,镁铁-超镁铁质岩大约为8%。强过铝的花岗岩在地球化学特征上可分为花岗闪长岩和花岗岩两种类型。一些学者认为它们的形成与(超级)地幔柱活动和Rodinia超大陆的裂解有关。本文对桂北地区的花岗岩进行了La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和La-MC-ICP- MS锆石Hf同位素研究,寨滚、本洞、峒马、三防和田朋岩体的形成年龄分别为835．8±2．5 Ma,822．7±3．8 Ma,824±13 Ma,804．3±5．2 Ma和794．2±8．1 Ma。定年结果表明,地球化学特征不同的两类花岗岩成岩年龄也不相同：花岗闪长岩的年龄为835～820 Ma,花岗岩则形成于810～800 Ma期间。锆石核部8个分析点和捕获锆石2个分析点给出了870 Ma到950 Ma的新元古代早期年龄值,可能记录了本区与江南造山带东部对应的950～870 Ma期间俯冲或碰撞导致的岩浆事件。本洞、三防和田朋岩体锆石的(~(196)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i比值分别为0．282176±0．000021、0．282149±0．000021和0．282175±0．000030。其ε(?)(t)值、Hf模式年龄与它们的ε_(Nd)(t)值、Nd模式年龄所展现出来的特征一致,表明桂北强过铝花岗岩主要是由基底沉积岩系部分熔融形成的,花岗闪长岩的源区有相对更多的幔源镁铁质组分。桂北这些花岗岩的年龄揭示了一个大约35Ma的岩浆事件,其形成不能用岩浆活动周期短(通常为1～5Ma)的地幔柱模型解释。这些花岗岩在构造判别图解中也位于碰撞和后碰撞区,形成于扬子和华夏板块间的碰撞高峰(约870Ma)之后,应属后碰撞花岗岩类。在俯冲板片折断和岩石圈拆沉之后,深部地幔的上涌和所伴随的拉张作用可能会导致基底岩石部分熔融产生了这些强过铝花岗岩。
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