Research on the property of soil geochemistry in typical karst area in Guizhou Province
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摘要: 以贵州花溪党武、遵义虾子和安龙木咱3个地区的土壤为主要研究对象，从地球化学的角度研究其土壤中相关矿物元素的含量、元素在岩-土剖面中的迁移富集特征及其风化成土系数，综合表征出研究区土壤的农业地质环境特征，并对其矿物营养元素环境质量做出初步评价。研究结果表明，石灰土中矿物营养元素的淋溶较为强烈，有10种左右元素的含量低于中国或世界土壤化学组成中值，具体表现为纯的碳酸盐岩所发育的土壤中矿物营养元素的含量较少，而安龙木咱地区由于其成土母质为白云质灰岩，且所处地质环境易于汇集周边淋溶出来的营养元素，使得其土壤矿物营养元素环境质量好于其余两地，三地土壤中营养元素达标率分别为73.7%（安龙木咱）、63.1%（遵义虾子）和68.4%（花溪党武）。总体而言，碳酸盐岩风化成土作用缓慢，土层较薄，土壤营养元素含量不足，需要施用相应的矿物肥料。Abstract: The main research object of this paper is the soil samples from three sampling sites - Dangwu in Huaxi, Xiazi in Zunyi and Muza in Anlong, in Guizhou Province. The relevant element content and the features in migration process from the rock to soil as well as the laterite-forming capacity coefficient are studied from the point of geochemistry, which shows the synthetic agro-geologic properties in the study area. Furthermore, preliminary evaluation is made on the environmental quality of the mineral nutrient elements in the paper. The results prove that leaching of mineral nutrient elements in limestone is comparatively strong with about 10 kinds of elements lower than the mid-value in China or the world, and the mineral nutrient element content is lower in the soil developed from pure limestone in particular. But the mineral nutrient element content in Anlong is higher than the other two sites for two reasons, first，the parent rock being dolomitic limestone and second, the position of Anlong being easy to collect the elements leached out from the nearby areas. The rate of reaching standard of nutrient elements is 73.7% (Muza in Anlong),63.1%( Xiazi in Zunyi) and 68.4% (Dangwu in Huaxi). Generally speaking, for the slow pedogenesis of carbonatite, the soil layer developed from carbonatite is thin with low nutrient content, so the soil needs being fertilized by some mineral fertilizers.
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Key words:
- karst /
- geologic environment of the soil /
- nutritive element /
- geochemistry /
- Guizhou
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