Current status and treatment of rocky desertification in key eastern areas of the Nandong subterranean river system
-
摘要: 为了探讨南洞流域东部重点区石漠化现状及其治理对策，通过遥感数据分析结果并结合地面实地调查验证，对云南南洞流域东部重点区石漠化分布特征、成因、危害及其区域林地生态环境质量状况进行了分析。结果表明，南洞流域东部重点区石漠化面积占岩溶区面积的17.2%，集中分布于大庄盆地西北部，以轻度石漠化为主，轻度、中度、重度石漠化的面积比例约为7∶3∶1，石漠化与水土流失问题突出，岩溶区林地生态环境质量等级以三级、四级为主，占区域总面积的53.77%，整体水平较低，且明显低于区内的非岩溶地区林地。粗放型畜牧和农耕方式是导致区内石漠化形成和加剧的最重要因素。提出休垦弃焚、恢复次生植被、合理开发利用土地资源、优化农林畜牧产业结构，实施林草建设工程、草食畜牧业工程、水利水保设施工程，建立保障制度和监督机制，开展全面的石漠化综合治理对策，以确保区域生态恢复、农林畜牧经济健康发展及南洞地下河流域生态安全和水资源开发利用。Abstract: To determine the current status and treatment of rocky desertification in eastern focus areas in the Nandong subterranean river system, the locations and causes of the rocky desertification, as well as the quality of the eco-environment quality in the regional forest, were analyzed via remote sensing interpretation and field investigation. Research revealed that rocky desertification areas account for 17.2% of the area of karst regions in the study sites. The rocky desertification was predominately mild, and it was mainly located in the northwest Dazhuang basin. The problems of soil erosion were particularly serious in conjunction with rocky desertification. The quality of the eco-environment of the forest land in the karst area was mainly grade three and four, accounting for 53.77% of the study area. The quality of the eco-environment was relatively low, and obviously lower than that in non-karst areas. The primary factors affecting the formation and intensity of rocky desertification were farming methods and extensive animal husbandry. To ensure that the regional ecological agriculture, economic development and the underground water environment improve, something must be done to stop deforestation by farmers and to prohibit reclamation of wasteland. It is very important and necessary to recover vegetation and rehabilitate burnt slopes. Moreover, further research into rocky desertification in the eastern focus areas of the Nandong subterranean river system is needed to study not only the relationship between rocky desertification and the natural environment, but also special engineering and biological measures in karst areas, particularly methods of natural rehabilitation of karst rocky desertification.
-
[1] 袁道先.岩溶环境学［M］.重庆: 重庆出版社，1988: 1-10. [2] 曹建华，袁道先，章程，等.受地质条件制约的中国西南岩溶生态系统［J］.地球与环境，2004，32(1):1-8. [3] 王世杰.喀斯特石漠化：中国西南最严重的生态地质环境问题［J］.矿物岩石地球化学通报，2003，(2):120-126. [4] 苏维词，朱文孝，滕建珍.喀斯特峡谷石漠化地区生态重建模式及其效应［J］.生态环境，2004，13(1):57-60. [5] 蒋忠诚，李先琨，曾馥平，等.岩溶峰丛洼地生态重建［M］.北京:地质出版社，2007:1－8． [6] 熊康宁，陈起伟.基于生态综合治理的石漠化演变规律与趋势讨论［J］.中国岩溶，2010，29（3）：267-273. [7] 蒋忠诚，罗为群，邓艳，等.岩溶峰丛洼地水土漏失及防治研究［J］.地球学报，2014，35（5）:535-542. [8] 覃星铭，蒋忠诚，马祖陆，等.岩溶峰丛坡面土壤养分与水化学特征研究［J］.中国水土保持，2012，3:26-30. [9] 宋同清，彭晚霞，杜虎，等. 中国西南喀斯特石漠化时空演变特征、发生机制与调控对策［J］.生态学报，2014，34(18)：5328-5341. [10] 康彦仁，梁彬.云南南洞地下河系统的水文地质特征［J］.水文地质工程地质，1996，(4):28-30. [11] 马祖陆.云南南洞地下河流域地貌特征及地下河发育演化的初步研究［J］.中国岩溶，1993，12(3): 273-283. [12] 高明刚.云南南洞岩溶地下水温度场时空变化规律研究［J］.中国岩溶，1995，14(1): 19-29. [13] 段乔文，周翠琼，李焱.云南开远南洞暗河系统生态环境地质管理保护区划分［J］.地质灾害与环境保护，2004，15(2):57- 62. [14] 蒋忠诚，李先琨，胡宝清,等.广西岩溶山区石漠化及其综合治理研究［M］.科学出版社，2011:10-30. [15] 张珍珠.福建省林地质量等级划分方法研究［J］ .林业勘察设计，2012（2）:44-47. [16] 李清顺，黄建忠.湟中县林地质量等级研究［J］．林业调查规划，2011，36（6）:32-36. [17] 工靖，张金锁.综合评价中确定权重的几种方法比较［J］.河北工业大学学报，2001，30(2):52－57. [18] 国家林业局．林地保护利用规划林地落界技术规程（LY/T1995-2011）［S］．北京：中国标准出版社，2012:1-10. [19] 李阳兵，谢德体，魏朝富，等.西南岩溶山地生态脆弱性研究［J］.中国岩溶，2002，21(1)：27-29. [20] 夏日元，莫源富，唐健生.云南蒙自盆地岩溶石漠化动态演变特征研究［C］//中国地质调查局.中国岩溶地下水与石漠化研究.南宁:广西科学技术出版社，2003: 20-25. [21] 国家林业局.岩溶地区石漠化状况公报［N\］.人民日报，2006- 06-23. [22] 王宇，张贵.滇东岩溶石山地区石漠化特征及成因［J］．地球科学进展，2003，18(6):933-938. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2628
- HTML浏览量: 354
- PDF下载量: 1013
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
