The eastern Nanling is one of the richest areas for nonferrous, rare earth, rare and radioactive mineral resources in China, especially quartz vein wolfotite, hydrothermal uranium and ion- adsorption rare earth, which are closely related to biotite granites in the Yanshanian period, especially in early the Yanshanian period. On the basis of previous studies, this paper summarizes the controlling characteristics and role of stratigraphy, tectonics and magmatic rocks on the occurrence and distribution of mineral resources in the eastern Nanling, summarizes the basic characteristics of deposit types and spatial and temporal distribution, and analyzes the prospecting direction of important minerals in the eastern Nanling. It is emphasized that the eastern Nanling is characterized by extensive exposure of Precambrian strata, complex structure, linear structure and ring structure controlling the ore to varying degrees, frequent magmatic activities, especially granitoids. Different ore- controlling factors restrict the development of different mineral species. The eastern Nanling is rich in minerals, with 543 mineral deposits of 58 types of minerals and 18 types of ore deposits. During the Yanshanian period, especially in its early stages, the endogenic ore deposits were mostly distributed around the middle- acidic rock mass, while the exogenic minerals were scattered all over the region and sited in the convenient transportation location. The metallogenic prospecting areas are proposed for W, Sn, fluorite and hydrothermal resources in Wanyangshan- Zhuguangshan, W, Sn, rare earth, Pb and Zn resources in Chongyuyou- Sannan, and W, Sn, rare earth, rare, Pb, Zn, Ag, Au and fluorite resources in Xingguo- Yudu- Ganxian. It is pointed out that it is of great significance to strengthen the search of, and research on hydrothermal uranium ore, quartz vein wolframite and co- associated tin deposits, ion- adsorption rare earth deposits, fluorite, kaoline, geothermal and other minerals, and to strengthen the deep and peripheral prospecting, for the geological prospecting and the sustainable and high- quality development of mining industry in the eastern Nanling.