The Xiaoqinghe River drainage is a wide area which extends from Jinan City in the west,to the Bohai Bay in the east,from the foot of TaiLuYi Mountains in the south and to the Yellow River in the northLakes were distributed widely in Xiaoqinghe River drainage during the prehistoric and historical periods which can be shown by the strata records and ancient documentsThese lakes were formed in the Early Holocene and reached peak in the Middle HoloceneSince the Late Holocene,the lakes gradually shrank until finally disappeared such as the Queshan Lake，the Hushan Lake and the Qingshui Lake，etcThe paper analyzes the reasons why these lakes disappeared in Xiaoqinghe River drainage by historical documents,analysis of stratigraphic profiles and research of place namesIt proposes that under the drying climate background,the lakes disappeared mainly because that:firstly clay and sand silted up by the Yellow River flooding;secondly human activities generated great effectsResearches on the formation and disappearence of the lakes in the study area are important for reconstructing the ancient environments and discussing their evolution process