| 近35年云贵高原暴雨特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李施颖,肖天贵.近35年云贵高原暴雨特征分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2016,36(3):21-26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李施颖 肖天贵 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都信息工程大学, 成都 610225 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金(91337215)、国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2012CB417202)、四川省科技项目(2013JY0063)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用云南和贵州188个气象台站1980~2014年的逐日降水资料,得到了云贵高原的年平均总降水量、年平均暴雨量、暴雨频率、暴雨贡献率和暴雨的月分布情况,探讨了近35年云贵高原暴雨的分布特征和年际变化特征。结果表明:云贵高原的年降水量分布大体上呈南多北少,整体上由南向北递减。暴雨的贡献率占16%左右,云贵高原最早1月就会出现暴雨,最晚6月出现暴雨天气,暴雨集中出现在4~11月,夏季平均暴雨日数2.5天。1980~2014年暴雨降水量偏多年与暴雨降水量偏少年差别不大,暴雨量在近35年内未出现明显的变化趋势。通过小波分析得出云贵高原的年降水,年暴雨都存在多时间尺度特征,不同的时间尺度表现出不同的循环交替。至今暴雨增多的等值线未出现闭合,降水还有增加的趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 暴雨 降水强度 降水趋势 小波分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-07-12 |
Characteristics of Heavy Precipitation over Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in China in Recent 35 Years |
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| Affiliation: | Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the daily precipitation data in 188 meteorological stations between 1980~2014 in Yunnan- Guizhou Plateau,the annual total precipitation,annual heavy precipitation,precipitation frequency,the contribution rate of heavy rain and monthly distribution of heavy precipitation are discussed,the distribution characteristics and interannual variation characteristics of the heavy rain of the Yunnan- Guizhou Plateau in recent 35 years are analyzed. The results can be concluded as follows: the distribution of annual precipitation in Yunnan and Guizhou is generally north- south distribution pattern,the precipitation decreasing from south to north. The contribution rate of heavy rain accounted for about 16%,and the heavy rain first appears in January,the latest in June,concentrating in April to November,the average days with heavy rain is 2. 5 days. In 1980~2014,there is little difference between more and less heavy rain,the trend of heavy precipitation does not show a dramatic rise or fall in the last 35 years. Through the wavelet analysis it is concluded that the annual precipitation and annual heavy precipitation have multiple time- scale characteristics,different time scales have different cycles. Now all the contour of increased heavy precipitation has not been closed,so there is an increasing trend of precipitation. |
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