| 华北煤田矿山开采导致含水层破坏风险评估:以淄博洪山煤矿为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 李建中,周爱国,周建伟,柴波,冯海波,苏丹辉.华北煤田矿山开采导致含水层破坏风险评估:以淄博洪山煤矿为例[J].地球科学,2020,45(3):1027-1040. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李建中 周爱国 周建伟 柴波 冯海波 苏丹辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学环境学院, 湖北武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目No.41572344中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金No.CUGL160408 |
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| 摘 要： | 煤矿由建设到关闭后多年的生命过程都对含水层具有破坏作用，造成生态环境破坏、影响社会经济发展，其风险具有长期性.在华北煤田水文地质结构及矿山地质环境问题分析的基础上，总结了含水层破坏形式及其风险组成，提出了含水层破坏风险评估与管理的技术思路.利用淄博洪山煤矿从开采到关闭多年的试验和监测数据开展了实证研究.结果表明:（1）矿业活动对含水层破坏形式表现为含水层结构破坏、地下水流场变化和地下水污染3类，洪山煤矿奥灰水遭受破坏的可能性高，危险性低、中等和高的危险区面积分别为20.61、22.39、19.26 km2；（2）社会、经济和生态易损性由破坏性、脆弱性和可恢复性三项指标表达，洪山煤矿社会经济高度依赖奥灰水，其易损性高.（3）含水层破坏风险是可利用地下水资源量减少、生态环境恶化、社会经济负面影响及其长期效应的综合表达，洪山煤矿关闭后奥灰水遭受破坏的风险高.
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| 关 键 词： | 煤矿 含水层破坏 矿山生命周期 风险评估 水文地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-01-05 |
Risk Assessment of Aquifer Destruction in Underground Mining Coal of North China: A Case Study of Hongshan Mine in Zibo City |
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| Abstract: | The problem of aquifer destruction persists in the whole life cycle of coal mine, which has long-term effect on ecology and social economy. In order to analyze the risk of aquifer destruction in underground mining coal, this paper proposes a technical framework of risk assessment and management of aquifer destruction on the basis of analyses of the hydrogeologic structure and aquifer destruction mode of main coal mines of North China. The technical framework was applied to the risk analyses of the aquifer destruction of Hongshan mine, Zibo City, using the monitoring data. It is found that: (i) The aquifer destruction of mining coal includes three categories: aquifer structure's destruction, change of groundwater flow field, and groundwater contaminants. In Hongshan mine, Ordovician limestone water has a high probability of destruction, and hazard areas with high, moderate and low risk are 20.61 km2, 22.39 km2 and 19.26 km2 respectively. (ii) Vulnerabilities of society, economy and ecology depend on three indexes of damage, fragility and resilience. The social economy of Hongshan mine depends highly on Ordovician limestone water and has high vulnerability for limestone aquifer destruction. (iii) The risk of aquifer destruction is from available groundwater resources reduction, ecological degradation and social-economic recession. It is suggested that Hongshan mine closure increased the aquifer destruction risk. |
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