| 末次冰盛期以来塔里木盆地绿洲演化研究进展与问题 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 孙爱军,赵晖,刘冰,汪克奇,晁倩,史志林,陈发虎.末次冰盛期以来塔里木盆地绿洲演化研究进展与问题[J].干旱区地理,2022,45(6):1761-1772. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 孙爱军 赵晖 刘冰 汪克奇 晁倩 史志林 陈发虎 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.兰州大学资源环境学院/西部环境教育部重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 7300002.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 7300003.中国科学院大学，北京 1000494.兰州大学敦煌学研究所，甘肃 兰州 7300005.中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统与资源环境国家重点实验室，北京 1001016.中国科学院青藏高原研究所古生态与人类适应团队，北京 100101 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0606400);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0302) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地绿洲是中亚干旱区历史时期和现代人类生产和生活的重要场所，也是古丝绸之路和现代丝绸之路经济带的重要节点。对此区域绿洲沉积记录进行研究，可以了解绿洲演化过程，从而进一步对绿洲演化的机制进行分析。由于塔里木盆地周边绿洲人类活动剧烈，导致连续完整的绿洲沉积记录较为缺乏；而且此区域环境变化敏感复杂，沉积记录存在‘同期异相’等特性，限制了对绿洲演化过程和影响机制的探讨。因此，对塔里木盆地绿洲沉积物与绿洲演化过程研究进行系统总结非常必要。通过梳理目前对绿洲和绿洲沉积物的分类与定义，认为除了地貌与沉积相，还需结合表征绿洲沉积阶段的指标体系才能更好地厘清绿洲演化过程。筛选了记录塔里木盆地末次冰盛期以来的24篇绿洲沉积序列的文献，对文献中232个绿洲沉积发育年代和其中的120个河湖相沉积发育年代数据分别进行概率密度统计。总体来看，绿洲沉积与河湖相沉积发育年龄具有较好的一致性，暗示绿洲发育与盆地内部水文过程密切相关。同时，6 ka之前，绿洲发育概率密度与古里雅冰芯δ18O记录的温度具有相同变化趋势，盆地周边高山地区冰川融水可能是绿洲发育的主控因素；6 ka之后，绿洲发育与天山鹿角湾黄土-古土壤序列记录的湿度变化较为一致，绿洲发育可能主要响应于山地降水变化。进一步对塔里木盆地不同区域绿洲发育概率与古环境演化记录进行对比，发现不同区域绿洲发育与古环境记录存在着不一致性。在未来研究中，应该对塔里木盆地各区域大范围不连续的绿洲沉积进行集成研究，构建区域绿洲演化过程和年代框架，在此基础上对控制各区域绿洲发育的因素进行深入探讨。
|
| 关 键 词： | 末次冰盛期 绿洲演化 河湖相沉积 塔里木盆地 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-16 |
Oases evolution in Tarim Basin since the Last Glacial Maximum: Progress and issues |
| |
| SUN Aijun,ZHAO Hui,LIU Bing,WANG Keqi,CHAO Qian,SHI Zhilin,CHEN Fahu.Oases evolution in Tarim Basin since the Last Glacial Maximum: Progress and issues[J].Arid Land Geography,2022,45(6):1761-1772. |
| |
| Authors: | SUN Aijun ZHAO Hui LIU Bing WANG Keqi CHAO Qian SHI Zhilin CHEN Fahu |
| |
| Abstract: | Oases around the Tarim Basin (TB), northwestern China, as key stations of the “Silk Road” in the historic time and the modern Silk Road Economic Belt, have been critical areas for human production and living since ancient times. It is crucial to investigate the process and mechanism of the evolution of these oases in the TB to explore the relationship between oasis evolution and human activities. However, because of human activities and complex environmental changes, the oasis deposit sequences in the TB are fragmental and discontinuous. Thus, it is necessary to systematically integrate profiles with oasis sediments to explore the completed oasis evolution process in the TB. In this study, we reviewed previous studies on oases in the TB and summarized the definitions of oasis and oasis deposits using the index system to better clarify these sediments. Twenty-four publications on oasis and fluvial-lacustrine deposit sections in the basin since 28 ka were selected, including 232 oasis and 120 fluvial-lacustrine deposit dating results. We used the probability density function (PDF) to analyze oasis and fluvial-lacustrine deposit development dates. The results show that there is a good temporal consistency between the two deposits in the entire basin, suggesting that the development of oases is closely related to hydrologic processes in the TB. Then, the PDF of oasis and fluvial-lacustrine deposits were compared with the temperature record from the Guliya ice core and humidity records from loess-paleosol sequences around the TB. The development of oasis and fluvial-lacustrine deposits are highly correlated with temperature changes before 6 ka and are associated with mountainous humidity after 6 ka. The results indicate that glacier meltwater is the main controlling factor of oasis development before 6 ka and that oasis flourishing after 6 ka is mainly due to mountain precipitation. Furthermore, comparing the PDF in different regions of the TB, oasis development is consistent in some periods and has regional differences. In the future, we should establish proxies representing the different stages of oasis development; large-scale sample collections and dating will be required to integrate the oasis evolution process in the TB region; the main control factors of oasis deposit evolution in different periods should be identified. |
| |
| Keywords: | Last Glacial Maximum oasis evolution fluvial-lacustrine deposits Tarim Basin |
|
| 点击此处可从《干旱区地理》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《干旱区地理》下载全文 |
|
