| 银川市景观生态风险评价与生态安全格局优化构建 |
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| 引用本文： | 张晓东,赵志鹏,赵银鑫,高学花,马玉学,刘乃静,吉卫波.银川市景观生态风险评价与生态安全格局优化构建[J].干旱区地理,2022,45(5):1626-1636. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张晓东 赵志鹏 赵银鑫 高学花 马玉学 刘乃静 吉卫波 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.宁夏回族自治区基础地质调查院,宁夏 银川 7500212.宁夏回族自治区葡萄酒与防沙治沙职业技术学院,宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏回族自治区沿黄经济区综合地质调查项目(0617-16130812);宁夏回族自治区财政厅财政专项(宁财（预）发[2017] 320号);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03444);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金项目(2021AAC03443) |
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| 摘 要： | 银川市生态保护与高质量发展已成为黄河流域可持续发展的重要组成部分,亟需优化区域生态安全格局。以银川市为研究区,综合生态风险评价模型和最小累积阻力模型,分析了银川市景观生态风险的时空分异特征,构建了生态安全格局并提出了生态安全保护策略。结果表明：（1） 银川市景观生态风险整体呈中北部高、南部低的空间分布特征,2000、2010年和2020年的景观生态风险指数平均值分别为0.2155、0.2145和0.2130,生态风险整体呈下降趋势,生态风险等级总体由高等级向低等级转移。（2） 共识别优化银川市生态廊道22条,生态节点52个,生态廊道累计长度约511.23 km,大致呈“北西—东南”方向网状分布,北部稀疏、南部密集。6条关键廊道贯穿南北,沿贺兰山国家级自然保护区—黄河—白芨滩国家级自然保护区一带分布,形成了“三纵”的空间格局分布特征。（3） 银川市优化后的生态安全格局由819.56 km2的生态源地、22条生态廊道和52个生态节点构成,并提出了针对生态源地、廊道和节点的生态安全保护策略,以期为银川市景观生态风险评价和生态安全水平的提升提供理论参考和依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 景观生态风险评价 生态安全格局 最小累积阻力模型 银川市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-14 |
Landscape ecological risk assessment and ecological security pattern optimization construction in Yinchuan City |
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| ZHANG Xiaodong,ZHAO Zhipeng,ZHAO Yinxin,GAO Xuehua,MA Yuxue,LIU Naijing,JI Weibo.Landscape ecological risk assessment and ecological security pattern optimization construction in Yinchuan City[J].Arid Land Geography,2022,45(5):1626-1636. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Xiaodong ZHAO Zhipeng ZHAO Yinxin GAO Xuehua MA Yuxue LIU Naijing JI Weibo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Ningxia Fundamental Geological Survey Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China2. Ninagxia Technical College of Wine and Desertification Prevention, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China |
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| Abstract: | The ecological environmental protection and high-quality development of Yinchuan City have become important parts of sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin, and the regional ecological security pattern must urgently be optimized. This study draws attention to the spatial and temporal characteristics of landscape ecological risk and constructs an ecological security pattern of Yinchuan City in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, by employing land use data from 2000, 2010, and 2020; analyzing the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of landscape ecological risk based on landscape ecological risk assessment; and studying the ecological risk evolution rule of different land use. This study proposes the ecological security pattern and ecological security protection strategies using the landscape ecological risk index (ERI) and the minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model. Meanwhile, in order to reflect the magnitude of resistance encountered during species migration, the paper used core ecological sources which had areas greater than 10 km2 and were mainly distributed in natural protected areas such as Helan Mountain and Baijitan National Nature Reserve. It chose six resistance factors, including landscape ERI, vegetation coverage, elevation, slope, distance from road, and distance from water to calculate the resistance value. Based on ecological sources and resistance, the minimal cumulative resistance value was obtained by MCR and the ecological corridors and ecological nodes were identified preliminarily. Finally, the preliminary ecological security pattern was optimized, combined with land use map of 2020 and the MCR value, and the ecological security strategies were proposed. The results show that: (1) Landscape ecological risk in Yinchuan City shows the distribution characteristics, are high in which the middle and north but low in the south is low. The average ERIs of 2000, 2010, and 2020 are 0.2155, 0.2145, and 0.2130, respectively, which indicates an overall downward trend in the landscape ecological risk has appeared in the past 20 years and an ecological risk level moving from high to low. (2) Twenty-two ecological corridors and 52 ecological nodes are identified. The cumulative length of the ecological corridors is 511.23 km and shows the net distribution in the northwest-southeast direction, which is sparse in the north and dense in the south. Six key ecological corridors are through the north and south. These are distributed along the region that includes the Helan Mountain National Nature Reserve and the Yellow River-Baijitan National Nature Reserve, and form the spatial distribution characteristics of “three vertical”. (3) Yinchuan City has formed an optimized ecological security pattern, which consisted of 819.56 km2 ecological sources, 22 ecological corridors, and 52 ecological nodes, and some ecological security protection strategies are proposed on the basis of ecological security pattern, which provides theoretical reference and a basis for landscape ecological risk assessment and promotion of the ecological security level. |
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| Keywords: | landscape ecological risk ecological security pattern minimal cumulative resistance model Yinchuan City |
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