Seismic behavior of steel buildings with out‐of‐plumb |
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| Authors: | Ali A Rad Gregory A MacRae Trevor Z Yeow Desmond K Bull |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | A structure that has a permanent offset from a true vertical line is commonly referred to as being ‘out‐of‐plumb’. Out‐of‐plumb may result from construction tolerances or post‐earthquake permanent deformations in steel buildings. This paper quantifies the displacements of buildings with out‐of‐plumb in subsequent seismic events by means of inelastic dynamic time history analysis. Structures considered have different structural heights, force design reduction factors (R), and target inter‐story drifts. It is shown that buildings with greater out of plumb and force design reduction factor have larger normalized peak inter‐story drift ratio and ratio of residual‐to‐peak drift. Also, the ratio of residual‐to‐peak drift was not strongly dependent on structural height or design drift. A design procedure and example provided, based on the results obtained, show how peak and residual inter‐story drift ratio can be estimated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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| Keywords: | out‐of‐plumb time history analysis peak and residual inter‐story drift |
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