| 卫星导航信号电文加密技术研究与评估 |
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| 引用本文： | 申成良,郭承军.卫星导航信号电文加密技术研究与评估[J].全球定位系统,2018,43(3):7-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 申成良 郭承军 |
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| 作者单位： | 电子科技大学 电子科学技术研究院,四川 成都 611731 |
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| 摘 要： | 全球导航卫星系统民用信号的信号结构公开等特点,使得民用接收机受到了各种欺骗干扰的威胁。针对不同的欺骗干扰攻击,对比分析了不同电文加密技术的鲁棒性。分析表明,电文加密技术不能应对转发式干扰攻击。在对比了椭圆曲线数字签名(ECDSA)和时间效应流丢失认证(TESLA)的基础上,提出了ECDSA和TESLA组合的导航信息认证(NMA)方案。该方案解决了传统NMA的运算量和时间同步等问题。以扩频码身份认证(SCA)技术为例,仿真评估了电文加密身份认证技术的性能。仿真表明,参与身份认证能大大提高接收机的抗干扰性能。
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| 关 键 词： | 全球导航卫星系统 抗欺骗干扰 导航信息认证 扩频码身份认证 |
Study and Evaluation of GNSS Signal Cryptographic Authentication Defenses |
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| Affiliation: | Research Institute of Electronic Science & Technology,University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China |
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| Abstract: | Due to the public signal structure of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) civil signal, civil receivers are threatened by a variety of spoofing attacks. For different spoofing attacks, the robustness of different authentication techniques is compared and analyzed. The analysis shows that authentication techniques fail to handle forward spoofing attacks. Based on the comparison of elliptic curve digital signature (ECDSA) and time effect stream loss authentication (TESLA), the navigation information authentication (NMA) scheme of combination of ECDSA and TESLA is proposed. The proposed authentication scheme solves the problem of the computation and time synchronization of the traditional NMA techniques. Finally, the spreading code authentication (SCA) technique is used as an example to evaluate the performance of the cryptographic authentication techniques by simulation. The simulation shows that authentication can greatly improve the anti spoofing performance of civil receivers. |
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