| 关于用密集钻孔应变台网监测强震前兆的若干问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 邱泽华.关于用密集钻孔应变台网监测强震前兆的若干问题[J].地震学报,2014,36(4):738-749. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邱泽华 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国北京 100085 中国地震局地壳应力研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 地震行业科研专项(201108009)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 提出了地震前兆研究是地震预测研究的基础，其研究的对象是个案. 地震前兆研究受到的最大限制，是对个案的观测严重不足. 龙门山断裂带西南段仍然存在发生强震的危险性，应该不失时机地在那里建立密集的钻孔应变观测网. 四分量钻孔应变仪是我国发明的、 已经可以与地震仪和GPS相提并论的观测仪器. 对地震前兆研究而言，钻孔应变观测在理论和实践两方面都具有优越性. 本文认为: 钻孔应变观测点应该建在应力集中的构造部位； 应该在钻孔选点和仪器安装两方面采取措施以保证观测点建设的成功； 四分量钻孔应变观测最重要的是数据自洽； 钻孔应变观测不必追求很深； 观测点建设不必进行绝对应力测量.
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| 关 键 词： | 地震预测 地震前兆 钻孔应变仪 密集观测 个案分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-07-17 |
On monitoring precursors of major earthquakes with dense network of borehole strainmeters |
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| Affiliation: | Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper argues that the earthquake precursor research is the basis for earthquake prediction. Objects of the precursor research are individual cases. The major limitation on the earthquake precursor study comes from insufficient observation cases. Since high potential of major earthquake occurrence still exists along the southwestern Longmenshan fault zone, now it is due time to establish a dense network with four-gauge borehole strainmeters (FGBS) over the area. FGBS is a Chinese invention and has already been compared to seismometers. In the earthquake precursor research, FGBS has advantage both in theory and in practice. We think that an FGBS site should be built in the site with stress concentration. Successful establishment of an observation site depends on good condition of the borehole location and right installation of the instrument. The key point of observation with an FGBS is self-consistency of the data from the four gauges. It is unnecessary to pursue the deep borehole strain observation and to conduct absolute stress measurements in order to build a site of FGBS. |
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