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东北冷涡背景下飑线发展机制的理论分析和数值研究
引用本文:张弛,王咏青,沈新勇,李小凡.东北冷涡背景下飑线发展机制的理论分析和数值研究[J].大气科学,2019,43(2):361-371.
作者姓名:张弛  王咏青  沈新勇  李小凡
作者单位:南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京,210044;南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044;中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴重点实验室,北京100029;浙江大学地球科学学院,杭州,310027
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目41530427、41790471、41875070、41775040,北极阁开放研究基金-南京大气科学联合研究中心NJCAR2018MS02,国家重点基础研究发展计划2015CB453201,江苏省"333高层次人才培养工程"项目
摘    要:在CM1模式动力框架基础上,推导出结合尺度分析得到的强对流天气发生发展的必要条件,并选择典型东北冷涡背景下的飑线过程,以200 m的高精度水平网格距进行数值模拟和对比试验,验证理论结果的同时得到东北冷涡飑线形成的条件。通过模式数据做尺度分析,得到飑线系统中平流、对流以及沉降作用对水汽变量的影响最大,飑线的出现需要水汽分布和上升气流的配合,水汽相变影响次之,湍流作用相对较小。东北冷涡不同区域的模拟验证了理论分析的结果,冷涡西南侧受冷涡引导南下的冷空气影响,配合低层暖平流出现不稳定层结,结合有横向梯度的湿度场,可以形成飑线。在上升气流强的区域受水汽浓度和温度的影响在中高层容易形成强的雷达回波,两侧和积分一段时间后的低层受沉降作用的影响也会出现强的雷达回波。

关 键 词:CM1  云模式  东北冷涡  飑线  发展机制
收稿时间:2018/1/3 0:00:00

Theoretical Analysis and Numerical Study on the Development Mechanism of Squall Line in the Northeast Cold Vortex
ZHANG Chi,WANG Yongqing,SHEN Xinyong and LI Xiaofan.Theoretical Analysis and Numerical Study on the Development Mechanism of Squall Line in the Northeast Cold Vortex[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2019,43(2):361-371.
Authors:ZHANG Chi  WANG Yongqing  SHEN Xinyong and LI Xiaofan
Affiliation:Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044,Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044,Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044;Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 and School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027
Abstract:Based on the dynamic frame of CM1 model, the necessary conditions for the occurrence and development of severe convective weathers are obtained by theoretical derivation and scale analysis. A typical squall line process under the background of Northeast Cold Vortex (NECV) is selected, and the numerical simulation and comparative test are carried out with a high precision horizontal grid distance of 200 m. The theoretical results are verified and the conditions for the formation of a squall line under the NECV are obtained. Through the scale analysis of model data, it is found that advection, convection and hydrometeor precipitation have the greatest influence on the change of moisture variables in the squall line system, the influence of water vapor phase change is the secondary, and the turbulence effect is relatively small. Thereby, the occurrence of the squall line needs the cooperation of water vapor distribution and the ascending air flow. Simulations over different regions of NECV have verified the results of theoretical analysis. In the southwestern side of the NECV, upper levels are affected by cold air, which, when combined with warm advection in lower levels, leads to the formation of unstable stratification. The unstable stratification and transverse gradient pattern of humidity field can jointly lead to the formation of the squall line. Under the influence of water vapor concentration and temperature, strong radar echoes can easily form in the middle and upper levels with strong updrafts. Under the influence of precipitation, strong radar echoes can also be found in lower levels.
Keywords:CM1 cloud mode  Northeast Cold Vortex (NECV)  Squall line  Development mechanism
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