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长江中下游地区夏季降水的水汽路径的客观定量化研究
引用本文:叶敏,封国林.长江中下游地区夏季降水的水汽路径的客观定量化研究[J].大气科学,2015,39(4):777-788.
作者姓名:叶敏  封国林
作者单位:扬州大学物理科学与技术学院, 扬州225002;国家气候中心, 北京100081
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目41375078、41175067, 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2013CB430204
摘    要:本文根据中国台站降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料, 研究了长江中下游地区夏季降水的水汽路径并给出了客观定量化的定义。结果表明:(1)影响长江中下游地区夏季降水的水汽路径主要是来自南界的水汽输送, 据此定义了南界水汽路径的面积、中心强度、向东延伸格点的位置以及边界强度等指标;(2)对各个指标的时间演化特征进行了分析, 南界水汽路径的面积指标和中心强度指标有下降的趋势, 各个指标在20世纪90年代前后都有一个明显的转折, 面积指标、中心强度指标、边界纬向强度指标都有明显的年代际的变化;(3)对各指标与中国夏季降水和前冬海表温度进行相关分析, 夏季南界水汽路径影响我国不同地区的降水, 南界水汽路径的面积指标、中心强度指标与前一年冬季西太平洋的海温呈显著负相关, 与赤道中太平洋和东太平洋前一年冬季的海温呈显著正相关, 即前冬东太平洋发生El Ni?o时, 有利于夏季西太平洋水汽输送增强, 进而有利于长江中下游地区夏季降水偏多。

关 键 词:降水量    水汽路径    水汽输送通量
收稿时间:2014/6/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/10/9 0:00:00

Objective Quantification of Moisture Transport that Influences Summer Rainfall in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River
YE Min and FENG Guolin.Objective Quantification of Moisture Transport that Influences Summer Rainfall in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2015,39(4):777-788.
Authors:YE Min and FENG Guolin
Affiliation:College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002;National Climate Center, Beijing 100081
Abstract:Daily wind, specific humidity, and surface pressure data from NCEP/NCAR, and monthly average rainfall data from 160 stations of National Climate Center in China are used to examine summer rainfall-influencing moisture transport in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Results show the moisture originates along the south boundary. On the basis of this, area, center intensity, eastern ridge point, and boundary intensity indices are defined. It can be found that the moisture transport influences rainfall in different areas over China in summer through correlation analysis. A significant turning point comes in the 1990s to all indices. There're obvious interdecadal changes in indices of area, central intensity, and zonal intensity in the boundary. Correlation analysis shows that moisture transport influences summer rainfall in different areas over China, and that area and center intensity indices are negatively correlated with the western Pacific SST, but positively correlated with the eastern and equatorial Pacific SST. It also shows that higher winter eastern Pacific SST strengthens moisture transport from the western Pacific during summer, which enhances summer rainfall in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River .
Keywords:Precipitation  Moisture transport path  Moisture transport
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