| 南京冬季一次雾过程宏微观结构的突变特征及成因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陆春松,牛生杰,杨军,等.南京冬季一次雾过程宏微观结构的突变特征及成因分析[J].大气科学,2010,34(4):681-690. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陆春松 牛生杰 杨军 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京,210044;南京信息工程大学大气物理学院,南京,210044;江苏省气象科技服务中心,南京,210009 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目40775012， 中国气象局气象行业专项GYHY (QX) 2007-6-26， 江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目06KJA17021、 08KJA170002， 江苏省自然科学基金重点项目BK2007727， 江苏省青蓝工程云雾降水物理学与气溶胶研究创新团队项目， 江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目CX09B_226Z |
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| 摘 要： | 2006年冬, 利用系留气球探测系统、雾滴谱仪、能见度仪等仪器在南京北郊进行了雾的综合观测。本文选取2006年12月14日的一次浓雾过程, 利用边界层廓线、雾滴谱、能见度以及NCEP再分析资料, 深入研究雾顶和地面雾浓度的突变特征 (爆发性增强和迅速减弱过程) 及其成因。结果表明: 雾顶的爆发性发展是湍流促使水汽向上输送、 在上层逆温下累积并伴随大幅降温引起的; 地面雾浓度爆发性增强时, 近地层冷平流降温导致饱和水汽压减小, 同时上层系统性的下沉增温引起逆温增强, 水汽得以累积; 雾顶的迅速下降过程中, 雾顶部湍流发展, 同时下沉运动引起了气层增温、 雾体双层结构和低空急流的出现; 地面雾的迅速减弱是太阳辐射和动量下传共同作用的结果; 下沉运动对雾生消的作用具有双重性; 雾的双层结构出现在雾顶大幅下降过程中, 并加快了雾顶的下降速度, 这与以往研究中双层结构促使雾顶爆发性发展有很大差异。
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| 关 键 词： | 雾顶 地面雾浓度 突变特征 双层结构 下沉运动 |
Jump Features and Causes of Macro and Microphysical Structures of a Winter Fog in Nanjing |
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| LU Chunsong,NIU Shengjie,YANG Jun and et al.Jump Features and Causes of Macro and Microphysical Structures of a Winter Fog in Nanjing[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2010,34(4):681-690. |
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| Authors: | LU Chunsong NIU Shengjie YANG Jun and |
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| Affiliation: | School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing,210044 |
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| Abstract: | A comprehensive fog experiment was carried out in the north suburb of Nanjing, China with many instruments, e.g., tethered balloon system, fog droplet spectrometer, visibility meter. Using the data of boundary layer profiles, fog droplet spectra, visibility, and NCEP reanalysis, a fog case on 14 December 2006 was chosen to study the jump features (sharp strengthening and weakening) of the fog top and the ground fogs density, and their causes are also discussed in detail. Result shows that the explosive development of the fog top is due to upward turbulent transport of moisture and its accumulation under uppe-layer inversion as well as substantial temperature decrease; the sharp strengthening of the ground fog is mainly caused by lower saturation vapor pressure in the near-surface layer under the influence of cold advection, enhancement of inversion owing to upper-layer systematic sinking motion, and moisture accumulation under inversion; during the fog top decline, turbulence happens near the fog top and upper-layer sinking motion causes the occurrence of temperature increase, fog double layer structure, and low-level jet; the sharp weakening of the ground fog is the result of solar radiation and downward transport of momentum; sinking motion has dual roles in the fog event; the fog double layer structure occurs during the sharp decline of the fog top and accelerates the fog top decline, which is extremely different from the previous results that the double layer structure causes the fog top development. |
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| Keywords: | fog top ground fog density jump features double layer structure sinking motion |
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