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基于卫星识别的渤海海效应事件基本特征分析
引用本文:周雪松,杨成芳,孙兴池.基于卫星识别的渤海海效应事件基本特征分析[J].山东气象,2019,39(1):26-37.
作者姓名:周雪松  杨成芳  孙兴池
作者单位:(1.山东省气象信息中心,山东 济南 250031;2.山东省气象台,山东 济南 250031;3.南京大学大气科学系,江苏 南京 210093)
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41475038)
摘    要:针对渤海区域冬季较为常见的海效应事件,利用2000—2012年的GMS5、GOES9和MTSAT等卫星遥感数据及NCEP FNL再分析数据、海面温度SST、地面降水观测数据等资料,系统研究了渤海海效应事件的季节变化和日变化特征。研究结果表明:渤海海效应事件一般持续时间不长,但在11月—次年1月,有持续时间较长的个例,这段时间也是发生次数最多的时期;海效应事件的发生有较明显的日变化特征,清晨和上午出现的频次明显大于下午和前半夜,且不同季节也不尽相同;海效应事件中有约一半会造成山东半岛降水,其中在冬半年主要造成降雪,但个别情况下也有可能形成降雨;另外,造成海效应事件的天气学环境指标也具有很强的季节变化特征,其中850 hPa温度、海面温度、地面2 m温度和比湿均有较明显的月变化,而风速、海面和850 hPa温差则相对稳定,季节变化不大。这些研究结果将进一步加深对渤海海效应事件的认识,为预报思路凝练和研究的开展提供参考和借鉴。

关 键 词:海效应事件    季节变化    日变化    预报指标

Analysis of basic characteristics of ocean-effect events in the Bohai Sea based on satellite identification
ZHOU Xuesong,YANG Chengfang,SUN Xingchi.Analysis of basic characteristics of ocean-effect events in the Bohai Sea based on satellite identification[J].Journal of Shandong Meteorology,2019,39(1):26-37.
Authors:ZHOU Xuesong  YANG Chengfang  SUN Xingchi
Affiliation:(1. Shandong Meteorological Information Center, Jinan 250031, China; 2. Shandong Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, China; 3. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China)
Abstract:Ocean-effect events take place frequently in winter in the Bohai Sea region. Based on the satellite data of GMS5, GOES9 and MTSAT, NCEP FNL reanalysis data, SST, and observed surface precipitation data from 2000 to 2012, the seasonal and diurnal variation characteristics of the ocean-effect events in the Bohai Sea are systematically studied. The results are listed as below. 1) The ocean-effect events in the Bohai Sea generally do not last for a long time. The cases of long duration happen from November to next January, and this period sees the most events. 2) The occurrence of ocean-effect events has obvious diurnal variation characteristics. The probability of occurrence in the morning is obviously greater than that in the afternoon and the early night, and the probability is not the same in different seasons. 3) About half of the ocean-effect events cause precipitation in the Shandong Peninsula, mainly snow in winter and rainfall in some cases. 4) In addition, the environmental indicators causing ocean-effect events also have strong monthly variation characteristics. The monthly variations of temperature at 850 hPa, sea surface temperature, temperature at 2 m, and specific humidity are obvious, while the wind speed and the temperature difference between sea surface and 850 hPa are relatively constant and have little seasonal change. These results will further deepen the understanding of ocean-effect events in the Bohai Sea and provide reference for forecasting and profound research.
Keywords:ocean-effect events  seasonal variation  diurnal variation  forecast indicator
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