| 近50年广东省分级降水的时空分布特征及其变化趋势的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑腾飞,刘显通,万齐林,于鑫.近50年广东省分级降水的时空分布特征及其变化趋势的研究[J].热带气象学报,2017,33(2):212-220. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑腾飞 刘显通 万齐林 于鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所/广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室，广东 广州 510640 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目41475102国家自然科学基金41461164006公益性（气象）行业专项GYHY201406003国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）2015CB452802 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用广东省86个常规气象观测站1961—2010年的逐日降水资料，分析近50年广东省降水气候特征，探讨不同等级降水空间分布及随时间变化特征。结果表明:广东省降水丰沛，年均降水量多为1 500~2 000 mm；降水气候特征的区域差异较大，不同区域降水量与降水日数分布差异显著；各月的降水日数差异没有降水量月分布的差异明显，非汛期的日降水量较小，而汛期降水日数多且日降水量大；小雨日和中雨日的区域差异小，大雨日、暴雨日、大暴雨日的大值中心主要集中在广东省的三大暴雨中心地区 (清远中心、阳江中心、海陆丰中心)，雨日量级分布大致由北向南逐渐增强，且随着降水等级的增加降雨日数迅速减少；小雨、中雨和大雨的降水贡献率均由粤北地区向沿海地区递减，暴雨和大暴雨的贡献率由粤北向沿海递增；小雨日数显著减少、大雨以上日数略有增多，总降水日数也呈减少趋势；小雨和中雨的贡献率呈减少趋势，大雨以上贡献率增多，使年均降水量呈增多趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 空间分布 降水量 降水日数 降水贡献率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-09-19 |
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRECIPITATION IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE OVER THE PAST 50 YEARS:DEPENDENCE ON RAINFALL INTENSITY |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, CMA, Guangzhou 510640, China2.Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Observatory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction, CMA, Guangzhou 510640, China |
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| Abstract: | The characteristics of the precipitation over Guangdong Province over the past 50 years were investigated with the daily rainfall data of 86 stations from 1961 to 2010. The rainfall was divided into five categories according to its intensity, and their spatial and temporal characteristics were investigated. The annual rainfall amount is within 1 500~2 000 mm over most parts of Guangdong, but substantial differences were found among different parts of the province. The dry season is contributed mostly by daily rainfall amount rather than rainy days, while the flood season is contributed by not only rainy days but also daily rainfall amount. The spatial distributions of light rainy days (1 mm < P < 10 mm) and moderate rainy days (10 mm < P < 25 mm) resemble each other. The heavy rainy days (25 mm < P < 50 mm), very heavy rainy days (50 mm < P < 100 mm) and extreme rainy days are generally concentrated in three regions, Qingyuan, Yangjiang, and Haifeng /Lufeng. The averaged rainfall amount for rainy days increases from the north to the south of Guangdong, while decreasing as the rainfall intensity increases. The contributions from light rain, moderate rain and heavy rain to the total rainfall decreases from the north to the south of the province, but the contribution from very heavy rain and extreme rain increases from the north to the south. The annual rainy days show a decreasing trend in the past 50 years. The light rainy days decreased significantly while the heavy, very heavy and extreme rainy days increases slightly. The annual total rainfall amount increases over the past 50 years, which is contributed by heavy, very heave and extreme rains, while the contribution from light and moderate rains decreases. |
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