| 不同涡源西南涡的若干统计特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗清,郁淑华,罗磊,等.不同涡源西南涡的若干统计特征分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2018,38(4):8-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗清 郁淑华 罗磊 等 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 成都 610072; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(91332715),国家自然科学重大研究计划(91644226),四川省科技支撑计划(2015SZ0065),西南区域气象中心重大科研业务项目计划(2013-6) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2012～2016年Micaps天气图资料和《西南低涡年鉴》，对西南低涡及不同涡源西南涡的变化特征、活动期和移动特征以及对降水的影响等进行了统计分析。结果表明:(1)西南低涡平均每年生成95次，但各年差异大。其中，九龙涡最多，盆地涡次之，小金涡最少。西南低涡多发时段在春季与夏初，其中，九龙涡多发时段在春季与夏季，盆地涡多发时段在冬季与春初，小金涡多发时段在冬末与春季。(2)西南低涡活动主要在4～7月，小金涡最长生命史可达168h，在7月;九龙涡最长生命史156h，在5月;盆地涡最长生命史144h，在4月。西南低涡大多数在生成后24h内消失。在12月的西南低涡生命史最短，绝大部分在24h内。(3)西南低涡有三分之一能移出涡源区。其中，九龙涡移出的个数最多，盆地涡其次，小金涡移出的个数最少，但移出几率最高。3～6月是西南低涡移出的主要时段。其中，九龙涡主要移出时段在4～7月；盆地涡主要移出时段在1～5月；小金涡主要移出时段在2～5月。(4)西南低涡主要移动路径是东北、东、东南。其中，九龙涡以东北移为主;盆地涡以东北移、东移为主;小金涡以东移、东南移为主。(5)除冬季、春初外，不同涡源西南涡不论活动时间长短，都会造成降水，九龙涡造成的降水一般比盆地涡大。西南涡造成的很强降水多出现在6～7月。
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| 关 键 词： | 西南低涡 不同涡源 统计分析 变化特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-11-13 |
Analysis on Statistical Characteristics of Southwest Vortexes with Different Vortex Sources |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorlogy Administration, Chengdu 610072, China;2. Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610072, China |
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| Abstract: | Using data of 2012-2016 MICAPS synoptic charts and the Southwest China Vortexes Yearbook, the variation characteristics, active periods and movement characteristic of Southwest Vortexes (SWVs) with different genesis sources as well as their impact on precipitation were statistically analyzed. The results show that: (1) The average annual occurrence of SWVs was 95 but varied greatly from year to year. SWVs mostly generated in Jiulong, followed by the Sichuan Basin and Xiaojin. The frequent active period of SWVs is spring and early summer, Jiulong SWVs occurred mostly in spring and summer, the Basin SWVs mainly in winter and early spring and Xiaojin SWVs usually in late winter and spring. (2) SWVs activities primarily occurred from April to July. The longest life cycle of Xiaojin SWVs was 169h and that of Jiulong and Basin SWVs was 156h in July and 144h in May respectively. Most SWVs disappeared within 24h of their appearance. SWVs had the shortest life cycle in December, mostly shorter than 24h. (3) One-third of the SWVs could move out from their source areas. Jiulong had the maximum number of moving-out SWVs followed by the Basin. Xiaojin saw the minimal number of moving-out SWVs whereas had the highest moving-out percentage. SWVs moved out mainly from March to June. The moving-out period of SWVs from Jiulong, the Basin and Xiaojin were mainly from April to July, January to May and February to May respectively.(4) The moving tracks of SWVs were northeast, east and southeast. Jiulong SWVs mainly moved northeast, the Basin SWVs moved primarily to the northeast and east, Xiaojin SWVs moved mainly eastward and southeast. (5) Except for winter and early spring, SWVs from different source areas could cause precipitation regardless of their active lifetime. The precipitation caused by Jiulong SWVs is generally larger than that by the Basin SWVs. The heavy rainfall caused by the SWVs mostly occurred in June and July. |
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