| 西藏昌都强降水的环流分型及其水汽轨迹分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 边琼,黄鹏,卓永,孙晓光,普布次仁.西藏昌都强降水的环流分型及其水汽轨迹分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2021,41(3):58-63. |
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| 作者姓名： | 边琼 黄鹏 卓永 孙晓光 普布次仁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.西藏高原大气环境科学研究所，拉萨 850000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41765012，41665002）；中国气象科学研究院青藏高原与极地气象科学研究所开放课题“高原气候异常机理与模式预测释用技术”；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目（2019QZKK0304） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用西藏自治区昌都市及周边18个气象观测站1989~2018年降水资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，首先进行强降水个例筛选，在大气环流分型的基础上，应用后向轨迹模型分析了暴雨和大雨在不同环流形势下的水汽输送轨迹。结果表明:昌都产生强降水的大气环流形势分为高原低涡、高原槽及高原切变线3种类型，其中以高原切变线型为主，而降水强度最大的是高原槽型。不同环流形势下暴雨发生时三个等压面的水汽轨迹方向基本一致，均以偏南气流为主，水汽来源相对集中，容易在短时间内造成强降水；而大雨发生时三个等压面的水汽轨迹多以偏南气流为主，与暴雨相比，水汽来源较为分散且水汽条件较差。夏季昌都的水汽来源主要以印度洋、孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海、南海为主，最远可以追溯到大西洋。
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| 关 键 词： | 昌都强降水 环流分型 水汽输送轨迹 HYSPLIT4轨迹模式 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-21 |
Circulation Pattern and Water Vapor Path of Heavy Precipitation in Changdu Based on HYSPLIT4 Mode |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science Research, Lhasa 850000, China2.Changdu Meteorological Bureau，Changdu 854000, China |
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| Abstract: | With the precipitation data of 18 stations in and around Changdu from 1989 to 2018, the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the heavy precipitation cases are screened firstly. Based on the classification of atmospheric circulation, the backward trajectory model is used to analyze the water vapor transport trajectory of two different precipitation levels in different circulation situations. The results show that the atmospheric circulation situation of heavy precipitation in Changdu is divided into three types: plateau vortex, plateau trough and plateau shear line. The plateau shear line type is the main type, and the plateau trough type has the largest rainfall intensity. The water vapor trajectories directions of the three isobars are basically the same when the rainstorm occus under different circuation situations, which are dominated by southerly airflow. The water vapor sources are relatively concentrated, and it is easy to cause heavy rainfall in a short time. When heavy rain occurs, the water vapor trajectories of the three isobars are mostly dominated by southerly airflow. Compared with heavy rain, the water vapor sources are relatively dispersed and the water vapor conditions are poor. In summer, the water vapor sources in Changdu are mainly from the Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea and the South China Sea, which acn be traced back to the Atlantic Ocean. |
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