| 拉萨市城市热岛效应分析研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 次仁白玛,尼玛云单,拉巴.拉萨市城市热岛效应分析研究[J].高原山地气象研究,2014,34(2):52-56. |
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| 作者姓名： | 次仁白玛 尼玛云单 拉巴 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西藏自治区拉萨市气象局, 拉萨 850000; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然基金项目“拉萨地区臭氧生成效率观测研究” (21177157) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用拉萨、墨竹工卡、尼木建站以来的多年历史资料和近两年新建的区域自动站、8个城市热岛效应自动气象站资料分析拉萨城市热岛强度日、季、年变化,时空分布及其可能的影响因子。分析表明:拉萨城市热岛强度呈显著的逐年增强趋势,在1978~2011年间平均每10年增加0.24℃;多年热岛强度冬季最强(2.0℃),其次是春季(1.8℃)和秋季(1.7℃),夏季强度最小(1.6℃);拉萨城市高温中心主要在城市中心,气温分布沿着高值区向两侧呈递减状态,郊外的气温比城区平均低0.9℃左右,夜间热岛效应强度明显高于白天。随着城市化进程的不断增强,大量改变的下垫面状况,不断增多的城市建筑群,骤增的人类活动和能源消耗,导致城市热岛强度不断增强。
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| 关 键 词： | 拉萨 热岛强度 变化趋势 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-12-21 |
Analysis of Urban Heat Island Effect in Lhasa City |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Lhasa Meteorological Service, Lhasa 850000, China;2. Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Lhasa 850000, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the historical data recorded at the meteorological stations of Lhasa City,Meldro Gungkar County and Nyemo County,together with those collected at 8 recently established automatic meteorological stations in Lhasa city,the variations and trends of the urban heat island (UHI) effect in Lhasa City are analyzed,and the possible impact factors on UHI effect in Lhasa City are discussed.It shows that the UHI effect in Lhasa City has a significant increasing trend from 1978 to 2011,with an average value of 0.24℃ per decade.On average,the highest intensity of UHI effect appears in winter (2.0℃),followed by that in spring (1.8℃),autumn (1.7℃),and summer (1.6℃).It appears that the central of high temperature is mainly at the center of the city,and the temperature declines from high-level area to its flanks.Temperatures in rural areas are relatively lower than that in urban areas with a mean difference of 0.9℃.Moreover,nocturnal heat island intensity was significantly higher than that during the day.With growing urbanization,a large change of surface land conditions,a growing number of city buildings,the surge of human activities and energy consumption,are responsible of resulting in growing UHI effect in the Lhasa City. |
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