| 气候影响下的雅砻江生态保护红线区生态环境与功能遥感监测评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 王博为,苑跃,王姝,杨杰.气候影响下的雅砻江生态保护红线区生态环境与功能遥感监测评价[J].高原山地气象研究,2022,42(3):104-110. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王博为 苑跃 王姝 杨杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川省气象灾害防御技术中心, 成都 610072 |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省科技计划项目（2020YFS0441） |
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| 摘 要： | 选取与生态环境相关的10个遥感反演指数，应用主成分分析法，构建生态环境状况指数（Remote Sensing Ecological Environment Index，RSEI）和水源涵养功能指数（Water Conservation Index，WCI）并进行等级划分，评估了2000~2019年雅砻江源生态保护红线区生态环境状况、水源涵养能力及其时空格局变化。结果表明:（1）雅砻江源生态保护红线区RSEI东部略好于西部，评价等级优的区域面积占比为15.96%、良占51.28%、一般占27.61%、较差占5.13%。RESI变化趋势呈轻度改善的地区占比为52.96%，其中东北部以轻度改善为主，东部以轻度退化为主，生态环境极显著退化区域分布零散。（2）雅砻江源生态保护红线区水源涵养生态功能保持良好，北部优于南部，WCI评价等级为差、较差和一般的区域主要分布在中部和南部部分地区，较为零散。WCI评价等级优的区域面积占比为43.22%、良占35.71%、一般占17.45%、较差占3.48%、差占0.02%。WCI变化趋势在西北部以轻度改善为主且空间差异较大，在南部以显著改善为主。（3）1990年以来，研究区气温上升速率为0.56℃/10 a，生长季平均气温上升速率为0.1℃/10 a，降水量上升速率为27.7 mm/10 a，生长季平均降水量上升速率为83.5 mm/10 a。（4）2000~2019年雅砻江源生态保护红线区气候暖湿化对于植被恢复性生长、碳储和减少水土流失均十分有利，生态环境状况和水源涵养功能得以持续改善。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态保护红线区 生态环境 水源涵养 气候变化 雅砻江 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-01 |
Remote Sensing Monitoring and Evaluation of Ecological Environment and Function in Ecological Protection Red Line Area of Yalong River under Climate Influence |
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| Affiliation: | Sichuan Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Centre, Chengdu 610072, China |
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| Abstract: | Ten remote sensing inversion indexes related to the ecological environment were selected, combined with principal component analysis (PCA), the ecological environment index (RSEI) and water conservation function index (WCI) were constructed and classified, the ecological environment, water conservation capacity and temporal and spatial pattern changes of the red line area for ecological protectionof Yalong River source from 2000 to 2019 were evaluated. The results show that: (1) The RSEI of eastern part was slightly better than that of the western part, the area with excellent evaluation grade accounted for 15.96%, the good accounted for 51.28%, the general accounted for 27.61% and the poor accounted for 5.13%. The propotion of regions with slight improvement in RSEI trend was 52.96%. The northeast showed a slight improvement and the east showed a slight degradation. The degraded areas were scattered. (2) The ecological function of water conservation remained good, the WCI of the north was better than that of the south. The areas with worse, poor and general evaluation grades were mainly distributed in the central and south region, and were scattered. The proportion of areas with excellent WCI rating accounted for 43.22%, the good accounted for 35.71%, the general accounted for 17.45%, the poor accounted for 3.48% and the worse accounted for 0.02%. The change trend of WCI was mainly slightly improvement in the northwest and had greatly spatially difference, while it significantly improved in the south. (3) Since 1990, the temperature rising rate in the study area was 0.56 ℃/10a, the average temperature rising rate in the growing season was 0.1 ℃/10a, the precipitation rising rate was 27.7 mm /10a, and the average precipitation rising rate in growing season was 83.5 mm/10a. (4) Overall, from 2000 to 2019, the climate warming and humidifying in the study area was beneficial to vegetation restoration, carbon storage and reduction of soil erosion, and the ecological environment and water conservation function were improved. |
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