| 台风威马逊(1409)强度与降水变化的相互作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 覃皓,郑凤琴,伍丽泉.台风威马逊(1409)强度与降水变化的相互作用[J].应用气象学报,2022,33(4):477-488. |
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| 作者姓名： | 覃皓 郑凤琴 伍丽泉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广西壮族自治区气象台，南宁 530022 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用2014年7月10日00:00—19日18:00(世界时)热带降水测量(TRMM)卫星3B42降水估测数据以及ERA5再分析数据，结合傅里叶变换以及Liang-Kleeman信息流等方法，分析台风威马逊(1409)强度与降水变化的相互作用。结果表明:台风威马逊(1409)降水具有明显的非对称性，降水主要位于台风中心偏西一侧，在该区域台风强度与降水相互影响。相较于台风强度对降水的影响，由降水到台风强度的信息流减小接近1个量级，表明在两者的相互作用中，台风强度变化的影响占主导。在水汽条件上，台风强度的增强(减弱)导致台风中心西南侧水汽通量辐合(辐散)的增强，进而与该区域的降水建立联系。此外，台风威马逊(1409)移动过程中随着强度变化，南海以及西太平洋水汽通道均存在明显响应。在动力条件上，中低层垂直螺旋度强值中心主要位于台风中心西侧，台风强度的增强(减弱)，导致台风中心西侧的垂直螺旋度绝对值增大(减小)，一定程度促进(抑制)了该区域上升运动的发展，造成更多(更少)的水汽凝结致雨。
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| 关 键 词： | 台风强度 降水 信息流 相互作用 非对称 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-23 |
The Interaction Between Intensity and Rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun(1409) |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Guangxi Meteorological Observatory, Nanning 5300222.Guangxi Climate Center, Nanning 5300223.Guangxi Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Nanning 530022 |
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| Abstract: | Based on the methods of Fourier decomposition, correlation analysis and Liang-Kleeman information flow, the interaction between intensity and rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) is studied using the best track data of Shanghai Typhoon Institute (STI) of China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite 3B42 rainfall estimation data of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and ERA5 reanalysis data of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) with 0.25°×0.25° grids. The results show that the rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) has obvious characteristics of asymmetry, and it is mainly located in the west side of the typhoon center. The rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) increases significantly twice during the whole life cycle, which corresponds to the intensification period. The information flow analysis shows that the rainfall of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) is affected by the intensity of typhoon itself, whereas the rainfall can also feedback on the latter. Compared with the influence of typhoon intensity on rainfall, the information flow from rainfall to typhoon intensity decreases by nearly an order of magnitude, indicating that the typhoon intensity plays a dominant role in the interaction relationship. The possible mechanism by which the typhoon intensity affects rainfall are analyzed by diagnosing the water vapor and dynamic conditions respectively. In terms of water vapor conditions, the convergence area of vertical integral of moisture flux corresponds well to the rainfall. The intensification (reduction) of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) partly results in the enhanced convergence (divergence) of vertical integral of moisture flux in the southwest of the typhoon center, which brings more (less) rainfall in this region. In addition, the South China Sea and the Western Pacific water vapor transport channel have obvious response to the changes of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) intensity. In terms of dynamic conditions, the strong center of vertical helicity in the middle and lower layers is mainly located in the west side of the typhoon center, indicating the rainfall area. The intensification (reduction) of Typhoon Rammasun (1409) leads to the increase (decrease) of absolute vertical helicity on the west side of the typhoon center, thus promotes (inhibits) the development of upward movement to a certain extent, resulting in more (less) water vapor condensation and rainfall. |
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