| 西北太平洋热带气旋闪电时空尺度和光辐射能 |
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| 引用本文： | 周鑫,张文娟,张义军,郑栋.西北太平洋热带气旋闪电时空尺度和光辐射能[J].应用气象学报,2022,33(1):69-79. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周鑫 张文娟 张义军 郑栋 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1510103);中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费重点项目(2020Z009)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用1998—2014年热带测雨(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, TRMM)卫星上携带的闪电成像仪(lightning imaging sensor, LIS)数据, 建立西北太平洋热带气旋闪电数据集, 并研究该区域热带气旋闪电属性特征。结果表明: 热带气旋闪电各属性值均呈对数正态分布特征, 热带气旋极大值闪电更倾向于发生在海洋和热带低压强度等级。不同强度等级(热带低压、热带风暴、台风)的热带气旋闪电持续时间无明显差异, 但热带风暴强度等级的闪电空间尺度和光辐射能平均值均低于热带低压和台风。对于热带气旋的不同区域(内核、内雨带、外雨带), 内核闪电的持续时间最大、光辐射能最强, 且持续时间和光辐射能随着闪电与热带气旋中心距离的增加而逐渐减小, 外雨带达到最小值。在海陆差异方面, 热带气旋闪电在海洋上的空间尺度和光辐射能比陆地大, 而闪电持续时间无明显差异。与非热带气旋闪电相比, 热带气旋闪电的延展距离、通道面积和光辐射能均更小, 但闪电平均持续时间更长。
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| 关 键 词： | 闪电成像仪 西北太平洋 热带气旋 闪电属性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-12 |
Characteristics of Lightning Scales and Optical Property in Tropical Cyclones over the Northwest Pacific |
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| Zhou Xin,Zhang Wenjuan,Zhang Yijun,Zheng Dong.Characteristics of Lightning Scales and Optical Property in Tropical Cyclones over the Northwest Pacific[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2022,33(1):69-79. |
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| Authors: | Zhou Xin Zhang Wenjuan Zhang Yijun Zheng Dong |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 1000812.College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 6102253.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences/Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 2004384.Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorological Disasters, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438 |
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| Abstract: | Tropical cyclone is one of the major weather disasters affecting coastal areas, which can produce high winds and heavy rains, posing serious threats to the safety of people's lives and property in coastal areas. China is in the Northwest Pacific, which is affected more frequently by tropical cyclones than any other area in the world. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the research on tropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific. In recent years, observations and studies have proved that lightning activity often occurs in tropical cyclone, which is closely related to the convective evolution and intensity variation of tropical cyclone. Based on data of lightning imaging sensor (LIS) carried on the TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) satellite during 1998-2014, the characteristics of lightning properties (including duration, extended distance, channel area and optical radiant energy) of tropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific are studied by establishing the lightning dataset of tropical cyclone in the region. The results show that all attributes of tropical cyclone lightning present lognormal distribution characteristics, and the distribution of peak values of these attributes is consistent with that of the Northwest Pacific thunderstorm system, but different from that of East Asia land thunderstorm system. The maximum of tropical cyclone lightning tends to occur over the ocean at tropical depression intensity levels. The maximum proportion of lightning in the outer rain belt is the lowest, while the maximum proportion of the duration and optical radiant energy of lightning in the inner core is the highest. The tropical cyclone lightning duration of different intensity levels has no significant difference, but the mean value of lightning spatial scale and optical radiation energy of tropical storm are lower than those of tropical depression and typhoon. For different areas of tropical cyclone, the maximum value of duration and optical radiant energy of core lightning decrease with the increase of distance between lightning and tropical cyclone center. In terms of maritime-continental contrasts, tropical cyclone lightning occurs over the ocean with larger spatial scale and stronger optical radiant energy than that over the land, while lightning duration is roughly the same. After tropical cyclone landing, the spatial scale of lightning decreases and the optical radiant energy of lightning weakens. Compared with non-tropical cyclone lightning, tropical cyclone lightning has shorter extension distance, narrower channel area and weaker optical radiant energy, but the average duration of lightning is longer. |
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| Keywords: | lightning imaging sensor the Northwest Pacific tropical cyclone lightning attributes |
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