| GIS技术在决策气象服务系统建设中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴焕萍,罗兵,王维国,段延娥.GIS技术在决策气象服务系统建设中的应用[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(3):380-384. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴焕萍 罗兵 王维国 段延娥 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.国家气象中心, 北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技部基础支撑项目
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中国气象局基建项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 该文介绍了基于组件式GIS技术的决策气象服务系统建设的总体框架, 并阐述了系统的建设内容, 主要包括电子地图建设、气象制图输出、实时与历史资料检索、灾情分析、台风预警与损失评估以及参数化制图等功能; 同时对GIS应用于决策气象服务系统的若干关键技术问题进行了深入讨论与分析, 如数据共享与转换、气象要素插值算法、空间信息检索方法、基于插件技术的模型评估方法、三维可视化技术; 最后给出了相关结论, 并指出该系统将为全国综合性决策服务系统提供一个良好的建设思路。
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| 关 键 词： | GIS 气象制图 气象要素查询 灾情分析 三维可视化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-07-06 |
Application of Geographic Information System to Decision making Meteorological Service System |
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| Wu Huanping,Luo Bing,Wang Weiguo,Duan Yan''e.Application of Geographic Information System to Decision making Meteorological Service System[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2008,19(3):380-384. |
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| Authors: | Wu Huanping Luo Bing Wang Weiguo Duan Yan'e |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Meteorological Center, Beijing 1000812.Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206 |
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| Abstract: | Based on the component GIS technology, a framework of decision making meteorolo
gical service system is proposed, which is composed of three layers. The lower l
ayer is the data layer where meteorological data, geo spatial data and socioeco
nomic data are mainly stored, and fundamental data for upper layers are provided
. The middle layer is a general core meteorological component developed by GIS c
omponents, which is composed of many basic functions and interfaces to support t
he upper application such as interpolation algorithm and spatial measurements. T
he up
per layer is the service platform including specific features for products build
ing and decision making. This multi tiers architecture has greatly enhanced th
e reusing, sharing and scalability of the application. Six features
of the system are introduced in brief as follows: Electronic map querying, meteo
rological mapping, historical and real time data retrieval, damage statistics an
d analysis, typhoon warning and damage assessment, and customize mapping automat
ically. Five key issues of GIS applying to meteorological service system a
re addressed. Firstly, to make current meteorological data share with GIS commun
ity, conversion method of meteorological data to the GIS format are discussed, c
omplying with GIS concept data model, such as shape and GRID format. Secondly, s
patial interpolation algorithm is focused on, and the potential and limitations
of existing GIS interpolation functionality for specialization of meteorological
and climate data are studied, and then a recommendation algorithm for specific
application is set up. Thirdly, the meteorological element retrieval based on sp
atial technology is discussed. The fourth key issue is that plug in software te
chnology is adopted to build an assessment model about typhoon disaster evaluati
on, which can easily be added to and removed from the system since the model is
changed constantly. Last, a surface model is introduced to implement three dime
nsional visualization of meteorological data. In conclusion, it is found that th
e meteorological mapping capability can be greatly strengthened by GIS, the visu
alization effect of services produces can be improved, and spatial retrieval of
meteorological elements can be implemented, disaster weather can be analyzed dee
ply for auxiliary decision making. |
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| Keywords: | GIS meteorological mapping meteorological element retrieval damage analysis 3D visualization |
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