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“6.29”淮河暴雨过程β-中尺度系统结构特征的数值模拟分析
引用本文:廖移山,李武阶,闵爱荣,王叶红.“6.29”淮河暴雨过程β-中尺度系统结构特征的数值模拟分析[J].应用气象学报,2006,17(4):421-430.
作者姓名:廖移山  李武阶  闵爱荣  王叶红
作者单位:中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所, 武汉 430074
基金项目:科技部社会公益研究项目
摘    要:利用中国科学院大气物理研究所LASG研制的AREM中尺度暴雨数值预报模式, 对2003年6月29—30日发生在淮河流域的一次大暴雨过程进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:随着西太平洋副热带高压加强, 低空急流迅速向北推进, 加强了其北侧的风速梯度和气旋性切变, 使涡度场发生了强烈变化, 强正涡度柱的发展导致了低层β-中尺度低压和气旋的新生; 而对流层中高层β-中尺度高压的发展所引起的地转偏差使得β-中尺度高压附近的风场发生明显变化, 并导致β-中尺度强辐散中心强烈发展, 最终造成强烈的上升运动。强上升运动出现在低层θse强锋区的南侧。

关 键 词:β-中尺度系统    AREM模式    淮河暴雨
收稿时间:2005-03-17
修稿时间:2005-08-23

Numerical Simulation Analysis on the Meso-β-scale Systems Structure of a Heavy Rain over the Huaihe River
Liao Yishan Li Wujie Min Airong Wang Yehong.Numerical Simulation Analysis on the Meso-β-scale Systems Structure of a Heavy Rain over the Huaihe River[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorology,2006,17(4):421-430.
Authors:Liao Yishan Li Wujie Min Airong Wang Yehong
Affiliation:Institute of Heavy Rain, CMA, Wuhan 430074
Abstract:By analyzing and numerical simulation of a heavy rain event, the physics process and spatial structure of the meso-scale convective system are revealed. Such studies help to get ideas beneficial to and then improve heavy rain forecast. A heavy rainfall occurred over the Huaihe River during 29—30 June 2003 is simulated by using AREM model which is the advanced LASG η-coordinates numerical meso-scale heavy rainfall prediction model with horizontal resolution of 37 km and 28 levels vertically. Comparison between hourly simulated results and observed development shows that the main rainfall period and the main precipitation system are successfully simulated. As indicated by the simulation results:① Though southwest low vorticity is not the direct influencing system, the shear line and low pressure trough area stretching out from the low vorticity provide favorable background condition for the development of meso-β-scale system. ② Southwest low-level jet is the main cause of this weather course. The fast movement of the axis of Southwest low-level jet stream enhances the gradient of the wind and the cyclonic shear in the north of the axis of low level jet, bringing sharp transformation of the vorticity. A strong column of positive vorticity leads to the occurrence and development of the meso-β-scale depression and cyclone at lower level near the vorticity column, whereas a meso-β-scale high pressure developes at the midhigh level of the troposphere without the assorted meso-scale anticyclone. ③ The geostrophic deflection caused by the new meso-high changes the wind field near the meso-high and produces the strong meso-β-scale divergence center around the high. It results in the development of a strong updraft combined with the powerful convergence at lower layer. ④ The strong updraft occurs near the south boundary of the strong frontal zone of θse at lower layer. Meridional vertical cell across the strong frontal zone of θse firstly originates in the boundary layer then develops upwards slowly. And a meso-β-scale cyclone comes into being circling the ascending branch. ⑤ With the development of the meso-β-scale convergence in lower layer and meso-β-scale divergence in higher layer, water vapor in low layer accumulates to the meso-β-scale system area, thereby forms a narrow vapor convergence band, which ultimately leads to the strong rainfall under the effect of strong updraft.
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