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地震作用对南海南沙群岛渚碧礁的影响研究
引用本文:郭磊,詹文欢,张帆,张锦昌,姚衍桃,李健,冯英辞,陈梅,成功.地震作用对南海南沙群岛渚碧礁的影响研究[J].海洋学报(英文版),2017,36(3):99-108.
作者姓名:郭磊  詹文欢  张帆  张锦昌  姚衍桃  李健  冯英辞  陈梅  成功
作者单位:中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301;中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301;中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301;中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049,中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广州, 510301;中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049,中国石化地球物理公司胜利分公司, 东营, 257100
基金项目:The National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China under contract No. 2013CB956104; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41376063; the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No. XDA13000000.
摘    要:评估珊瑚礁的稳定性具有十分重要的意义。近年来,在中国南海海域开展了越来越多的工程建设项目。珊瑚礁是造礁石珊瑚群体死亡后其残骸经过漫长的地质作用而形成的岩土体,是一种特殊的海洋岩土介质。晚渐新世后,生长在碳酸盐台地上的珊瑚礁进入繁盛期,礁体内部可划分为5至6个主要的沉积相。同时,珊瑚礁已被认为是近代地震发生时间的记录器。文章结合南沙群岛的珊瑚礁体工程地质分带和岩体结构特征,设计了岛礁模型,研究地震对珊瑚礁的影响。在研究中,通过利用岩土工程的模拟仿真软件GeoStudio,使用Newmark滑块分析法,模拟了6种不同强度的地震作用下珊瑚礁体的受力状态和变形情况,采用极限平衡条分法计算了安全系数,并测算出可能的危险滑移面位置及滑移规模。通过模拟计算结果,得到地震作用对珊瑚礁的影响有:(1)珊瑚礁在自重状态下具有良好的稳定性;(2)地震发生后,安全系数小于1(FS<1)可能导致斜坡失稳并发生滑塌;(3)随着地震强度的增加,安全系数是降低的,且经一段时间后,安全系数围绕某特定值波动;(4)在地震作用下,作为珊瑚礁体浅层新发育的部分,更小的滑坡部位会更易发生坍塌。综上,利用岩土工程的方法对海洋中珊瑚礁体的稳定性进行评价是可行的,能够为今后岛礁工程设计的提供参考。

关 键 词:渚碧礁  地震作用  极限平衡条分法  安全系数  南沙群岛  南海
收稿时间:2015/12/29 0:00:00
修稿时间:2016/5/16 0:00:00

The influence of earthquakes on Zhubi Reef in the Nansha Islands of the South China Sea
GUO Lei,ZHAN Wenhuan,ZHANG Fan,ZHANG Jinchang,YAO Yantao,LI Jian,FENG Yingci,CHEN Mei and CHENG Gong.The influence of earthquakes on Zhubi Reef in the Nansha Islands of the South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2017,36(3):99-108.
Authors:GUO Lei  ZHAN Wenhuan  ZHANG Fan  ZHANG Jinchang  YAO Yantao  LI Jian  FENG Yingci  CHEN Mei and CHENG Gong
Affiliation:1.Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China2.Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China3.Sinopec Geophysical Corporation Shengli Branch, Sinopec Oilfield Service Corporation, Dongying 257100, China
Abstract:It is exceedingly important to estimate the stability of coral reefs. In recent years, growing construction projects have been carried out on the reef flat in the South China Sea. As a special marine geotechnical medium, it is made of the reef debris underwent overwhelmingly long geological age. Reefs grow thickly on the carbonate platform after the Late Oligocene and have five to six main sedimentary facies. It can be used as a recorder to measure the occurrence time of recent earthquake. A model of reef body is presented to study the influence of earthquakes according to the geological structure characteristic of reefs in the Nansha Islands. Furthermore, GeoStudio is used to simulate stress and deformation situations within it under various earthquake intensities. A safety factor is calculated by the limit equilibrium method, and the possible scenarios of earthquake-induced landslides and sliding scale are defined with a Newmark sliding block method, as well as stress distribution and deformation behaviors. Therefore, the numerical results suggest that the connections between the coral reef and the earthquake are as follows:(1) the reef body has a good stability under self-gravity state; (2) after the earthquake, it may cause slope''s instability and bring out slumping when the safety factor is smaller than 1 (FS<1); (3) the safety factor decreases with the increasing earthquake intensity, and fluctuates around a particular value after a while; and (4) as a new developed part of the reef, the smaller shallow landslide will be easily subject to collapse caused by the earthquake. It is concluded that it is feasible to provide a reference for evaluating the stability of coral reef using a geotechnical engineering simulation method. This can help the engineering constructions in the South China Sea.
Keywords:Zhubi Reef  earthquake  limit equilibrium method  safety factor  Nansha Islands  South China Sea
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