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渤海海峡沉积物输运的参数化计算
引用本文:齐富康,边昌伟,徐景平.渤海海峡沉积物输运的参数化计算[J].海洋学报,2020,42(3):83-96.
作者姓名:齐富康  边昌伟  徐景平
作者单位:1.中国海洋大学 海洋地球科学学院,山东 青岛 266100
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41530966,41476070)。
摘    要:本文以2018年冬季渤海海峡两个站位的定点连续观测数据为基础,使用一维参数化方案,计算了观测站位底边界层内的水平悬浮物输运通量以及推移质输运量。在参数化方案中,简化的一维对流扩散方程被用于计算底边界层内的垂向悬浮物浓度。为了验证参数化方案的可靠性,本文基于观测数据对比了两种底剪切应力计算模型、四种临界起动剪切应力计算方法和两种一维对流扩散方程解法。对比结果表明:(1)不同模型计算的底剪切应力结果相近;(2)临界起动剪切应力受到颗粒间黏性作用的影响;(3)一维对流扩散方程的求解过程需要考虑沉积物浓度的分层效应和不同粒级颗粒临界起动剪切应力的差异。基于上述对比结果确定的最优参数化方案,进一步计算了观测站位的沉积物输运量:(1)在有再悬浮的时段,距底5 m内的水平悬浮物通量占全水深悬浮物通量的比例(T01站约为21%,T02站约为17%)显著高于相同层位水通量的占比;(2)依据参数化方案估算的冬季平均的悬浮物通量比忽略底边界层悬浮物浓度垂向变化的传统方法结果高约16%;(3)推移质输运量比悬移质输运量约低两个数量级。

关 键 词:底边界层    悬浮物通量    推移质输运量    渤海海峡
收稿时间:2018/12/10 0:00:00
修稿时间:2019/2/17 0:00:00

Parameterization of sediment transport in the Bohai Strait
Qi Fukang,Bian Changwei and Xu Jingping.Parameterization of sediment transport in the Bohai Strait[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese),2020,42(3):83-96.
Authors:Qi Fukang  Bian Changwei and Xu Jingping
Affiliation:1.Collage of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2.Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China3.Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China4.Laboratory for Marine Geology and Environment, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266061, China
Abstract:The horizontal suspended and bed-load sediment transport in the bottom boundary layer were computed by applying a one-dimensional parameterized scheme to the in-situ data obtained from two stations in the Bohai Strait during a winter field investigation in 2018. In the parameterized scheme, a simplified one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation was used to calculate the vertical suspended sediment concentration in the bottom boundary layer. Aiming at verifying the reliability of the parameterization scheme, two models of bed shear stress calculation, four critical bed-shear stress methods and two advection-diffusion solutions were compared based on the observations. It showed that:(1) bed shear stress calculated by different models are fairly consistent; (2) the critical bed-shear stress is affected by sediment cohesive effects; (3) stratification effect of sediment concentration and the difference of critical bed-shear stress with different particle size fractions need to be considered solving the one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation. Based on the optimal parameterization obtained from the comparisons, sediment transport of the two stations was further calculated:(1) during resuspension events, the ratio of the horizontal suspended sediment flux within 5 meters above bottom accounting for the suspended sediment flux throughout the entire water column which is about 21% in T01 and 17% in T02 is significantly higher than the ratio of the water flux within the same layers; (2) the mean suspended sediment flux estimated by the parameterization scheme in winter is about 16% higher than the result estimated from the conventional method which ignores the vertical variation of suspended sediment concentration in the bottom boundary layer; (3) bed-load transport is generally 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the suspended load transport.
Keywords:bottom boundary layer  suspended sediment flux  bed-load transport  Bohai Strait
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