| 基于高频地波雷达的多时间尺度海流研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张景思,吴伦宇,葛建忠,丁平兴.基于高频地波雷达的多时间尺度海流研究[J].海洋学报,2022,44(6):128-139. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张景思 吴伦宇 葛建忠 丁平兴 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.华东师范大学 河口海岸学国家重点实验室，上海 200241 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2018YFC1407402）；;国家自然科学基金（41776104）； |
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| 摘 要： | 近海海流受多种动力过程及岸线岛屿的作用呈现空间和时间尺度上的复杂变化，而地波雷达由于其探测面积广、时间分辨率高的特点成为研究这些变化的有效手段。本文利用舟山海域多年高频地波雷达资料，通过潮流调和分析、低通滤波和相关性分析对该海域海流潮周期、极端事件、季节、年际尺度的动力过程进行了解译。研究表明，舟山海域属于正规半日潮，潮流运动形式以顺时针旋转流为主，流速大小在空间上为东北方向较大，往西南方向逐渐减小，并在近岸处得到增强。余流的年际变化并不显著，但存在着明显的季节变化，例如冬季为南向流，流速减小，空间分布上近岸较外海大，而夏季与之反向，为北向流，流速较大，空间分布较为均匀。进一步分析了风与余流之间的相关性，在大风期间，风与余流的速度相关系数在0.48～0.90之间，方向相关系数在0.55～0.68之间。极端事件发生时，速度、方向的相关系数分别高达0.92与0.91。总体而言，通过分析高频地波雷达数据能够较好地反映舟山海域海流的时空特征，为海洋灾害监测和污染物、藻华的输运研究提供依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 海流 高频地波雷达 多时间尺度 季风 相关性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-05-16 |
Study of ocean current at multiple time scales based on the high frequency surface wave radar |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China2.National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | The coastal current presents complex changes in spatiotemporal scale due to various dynamic processes and shoreline islands. High frequency surface wave radar has become an effective method to solve these problems because of its wide coverage area and high temporal resolution. Several years ocean current data was collected in Zhoushan sea area, the dynamic processes of the ocean in tide cycle, extreme events, intermonth and interannual time scales in this area were interpreted by using tidal current harmonic analysis, low pass filtering and correlation analysis. The results depicted that the Zhoushan sea area is a regular semi-diurnal tide area, and the current movement is mainly in the form of rotating current. The distribution of current velocity in investigation area illustrated a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest. Interannual variation of residual current in the Zhoushan sea area is not significant, however the obvious intermonth variation characteristic of the residual current was detected. In winter, the flow is southward, and its larger near shore than outside sea. On the contrary, the flow velocity is stronger and the spatial distribution is more uniform in summer. The correlation between wind and residual current was analyzed, during strong winds, the correlation coefficient between wind speed and residual current velocity ranged from 0.48 to 0.90, and the correlation coefficient between wind direction and residual current direction ranged from 0.55 to 0.68. When extreme events occur, the correlation coefficients of velocity and direction are 0.92 and 0.91, respectively. By way of conclusion, the analysis of high frequency surface wave radar data can well reflect the temporal and spatial characteristics of ocean currents in Zhoushan sea area, which provide a basis for marine disaster monitoring, pollutants and algal bloom transport research. |
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