| 深水随机波列中畸形波统计特征的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 付睿丽,马玉祥,董国海.深水随机波列中畸形波统计特征的研究[J].海洋学报,2021,43(10):81-89. |
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| 作者姓名： | 付睿丽 马玉祥 董国海 |
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| 作者单位： | 大连理工大学 海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室，辽宁 大连 116023 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（51720105010，51679031，51979029）；辽宁省兴辽人才计划（XLYC1807010）；中央高校基本科研业务费（DUT2019TB02） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文基于Longuet-Higgins随机波浪模型和JONSWAP谱，进行了大量深水随机波的模拟，获取了畸形波发生概率稳定的随机波列，并对随机波列中的畸形波进行了分析。结果表明，畸形波发生的概率小于基于Rayleigh分布预测结果，且随谱宽的减小而增大。在固定时间段内，畸形波发生的频次服从泊松分布，时间间隔服从指数分布，且随着谱宽的增大，畸形波的发生频次减小，相邻畸形波的发生时间间隔增加。通过小波变换方法分离随机波中的波群，研究了出现畸形波的波群特征，发现一个波群中最多会出现4个畸形波，但是在发生畸形波的波群中，单个畸形波的概率最大。随着谱宽减小，一个波群中包含多个畸形波的概率增加。另外，出现畸形波的波群时间长度服从广义极值分布，随着谱宽减小，畸形波波群的时间跨度增加。
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| 关 键 词： | 畸形波 波群 波浪模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-28 |
Researches on statistical properties of freak waves in uni-directional random waves in deep water |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China |
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| Abstract: | Numerous random wave trains are simulated based on the JONSWAP spectrum using the Longuet-Higgins wave model, and then extreme waves are investigated based on the wave trains with stable probabilities of freak waves. The probabilities of freak waves are smaller than those of based on Rayleigh distributions. With the spectra narrower, the probability of freak waves increases. During the fixed times, the frequency of freak waves obeys the Poisson distribution and time intervals satisfy exponential distribution. The most probable occurrence frequency of freak waves decrease and intervals of freak waves are longer with the spectra wider. Wave groups are discriminated based on wavelet spectra and their characteristics are analyzed. There are no more than four freak waves in wave groups. The probability of wave groups containing merely one freak wave is the largest. Numbers of freak waves in wave groups are increasing with the spectral narrower. Furthermore, time lengths of wave groups containing freak waves satisfy Generalized extreme value distribution (GEV distribution), and with spectra narrower, the most probable lengths of the wave groups increase. |
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