| 基于数字图像的山东长山岛砾石海滩表层砾石形貌特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王兴,王永红,徐杨杨,向亚武.基于数字图像的山东长山岛砾石海滩表层砾石形貌特征研究[J].海洋学报,2021,43(1):110-121. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王兴 王永红 徐杨杨 向亚武 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国海洋大学 海洋地球科学学院，山东 青岛 266100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家海洋局公益性项目(201405037);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402602);国家自然科学基金(41376054,41176039,41410304022,U1606401)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 天然砾石海滩作为一种高能环境下的海岸堆积体，因其粒径粗、孔隙度大等特征，是良好的海岸防护屏障。了解砾石海滩形成过程离不开砾石形貌这一重要参数，但要快速、准确获得大量砾石的定量参数比较困难。本文对山东北长山岛3个砾石海滩(九丈崖、月牙湾、长滩)、南长山岛的4个砾石海滩(仙境源、林海、长山尾和明珠广场)进行现场剖面测量并采集砾石样品及砾石图像，应用ImageJ软件对砾石进行原位无干扰数字图像测算，可以快速大量分析砾石粒径、磨圆度等形貌参数。结果显示:砾石的粒径范围为4～79 mm，主要集中在中砾，各海滩分选较好；其中，北长山岛海滩的砾石平均粒径略小于南长山岛，北长山岛九丈崖海滩的砾石平均粒径最大，南长山岛的仙境源海滩砾石平均粒径最小。向海方向从滩肩到高潮线平均粒径逐渐减小，但在水边线处增大。砾石磨圆度介于0.59～0.75之间，等级均为圆状，砾石海滩均已达到较成熟阶段；其中北长山岛的月牙湾海滩砾石磨圆最好，长滩海滩砾石的磨圆最差，由陆向海磨圆度值呈增大的趋势。形状比率范围介于1.36～1.77之间，与磨圆度呈明显负相关(R2=0.98)，砾石由陆向海从长条状渐变为椭圆状。南、北长山岛的砾石海滩的砾石形貌受到物源、动力条件和人为活动的影响。研究区砾石海滩坡度范围为16%～35%，海滩坡度与沉积物粒径呈正相关。
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| 关 键 词： | 砾石滩 数字图像 形貌特征 控制因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-24 |
Morphological characteristics based on digital images of gravels from gravels beaches in the Changshan Island,Shandong Province |
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| Wang Xing,Wang Yonghong,Xu Yangyang,Xiang Yawu.Morphological characteristics based on digital images of gravels from gravels beaches in the Changshan Island,Shandong Province[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese),2021,43(1):110-121. |
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| Authors: | Wang Xing Wang Yonghong Xu Yangyang Xiang Yawu |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China2.Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques, MOE, Qingdao 266100, China |
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| Abstract: | As a kind of coastal accumulation body in high-energy environment, natural gravel beach is a good coastal protection barrier due to its coarse particle size and large porosity. The gravel morphology is an important parameter to understand the gravel formation process, but it is difficult to obtain the quantitative parameters of a large number of gravels quickly and accurately. In this study, we surveyed three gravel beaches (Jiuzhangya, Yueyawan, Changtan) in the Beichangshan Island, four gravel beaches (Xianjingyuan, Linhai, Changshanwei and Mingzhuguangchang) in the Nanchangshan Island in the Shandong Province. We measured beach profile, collected gravel samples and took gravel images. Using the software ImageJ for digital image measurement in situ without interference, we can quickly obtain a large number of gravel morphologic parameters, including particle size, grinding roundness and shape ratio. The results show that the range of the particle size is 4?79 mm, which was mainly pebbles. The average particle size of the beach in the Beichangshan Island is slightly smaller than that in the Nanchangshan Island, with the largest average particle size of gravels in the Jiuzhangya Beach of the Beichangshan Island and the smallest one in the Xianjingyuan Beach of the Nanchangshan Island. From beach berm to the high tidal line, the average particle size decreases gradually, but increases at waterline. The range of roundness of gravel is 0.59–0.75, and the grade is round. The gravel beaches have reached a relatively mature stage based on roundness, with the best roundness in the Yueyawan Beach and the worst roundness in the Changtan Beach of the Beichangshan Island. The gravel roundness increases from land to sea. The shape ratio ranges from 1.36 to 1.77, which is negatively correlated with the gravel roundness (R2=0.98). The gravel gradually changed from long strip to elliptic shape from land to sea. The gravel beaches morphology of the Changshan Island is affected by the provenances, dynamic conditions and human activities. The slope range of the gravel beach in the study area is 16%?35%, and they are positively correlated with the gravel particle size. |
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| Keywords: | gravel beach digital image morphologic characteristics control factors |
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