| 冬季北风风速对长江河口盐水入侵的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李林江,朱建荣.冬季北风风速对长江河口盐水入侵的影响[J].海洋学报,2021,43(10):10-22. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李林江 朱建荣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.复旦大学 大气与海洋科学系/大气科学研究院，上海 200438 |
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| 基金项目： | 珠海市基础与应用基础课题研究项目（ZH22017003200004PWC）；国家自然科学基金（41676083） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文应用三维数值模式ECOM-si，研究冬季不同北风风速对长江河口盐水入侵和青草沙水库取水的影响。数值实验结果表明，北风驱动苏北高盐水向南往长江口输运，在埃克曼输运作用下，长江河口形成北港进南港出水平环流，加剧北港盐水入侵。在枯季平均径流(11 900 m3/s)条件下，当北风风速超过10 m/s，北港口门水通量朝陆净输运，当风速超过11 m/s，北港盐水倒灌至南港。无风时，北港半月平均盐度仅为0.97，北港口门半月平均水位仅为0.13 m；当风速增加到14 m/s时，盐度和水位分别增长到27.4和0.42 m。北风减少了青草沙水库的取水天数。无风时青草沙水库30 d内可取水天数共有29.7 d；当风速高于10 m/s，30 d内可取水天数降为0 d。北风风速增强能够显著增加北港盐水入侵，不利于青草沙水库取水。
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| 关 键 词： | 长江河口 盐水入侵 北风 盐通量 水通量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-11 |
The effects of north wind speed in winter on saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China2.State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China3.Innovation Center of Ocean-Atmosphere System Observation and Prediction, Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai 518057, China |
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| Abstract: | Using the 3-D numerical model Ecom-si, saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang Estuary and water take in the Qingcaosha Reservoir under different wind speeds are studied. Model results show that the high saline water in Subei is transported southward to the Changjiang Estuary. Ekman transport drives a surge along the coast and a horizontal circulation in the Changjiang Estuary, which enters the North Channel (NC) and exit through the South Channel. This process increases salinity in the NC. Under the mean river discharge in the dry season (11 900 m3/s), the net water flux across the mouth of the NC is landward when wind speed exceeds 10 m/s, and the saltwater in the NC can spill over into the South Channel when wind speed exceeds 11 m/s. When wind speed is 0, the 15-day averaged salinity in the NC is only 0.97 and the elevation at the mouth of the NC is only 0.13 m. When wind speed increases to 14 m/s, salinity in the NC increases to 27.4 and the elevation at the mouth of the NC increases to 0.42 m. North wind reduces the number of days that the Qingcaosha Reservoir could take water from Changjiang within a month. When wind speed is 0, the number of days is 29.4 and when wind speed exceeds 10 m/s, the number of days is 0. The salinity in the NC increases with the strength of north wind, which is unfavorable to water take in the Qingcaosha Reservoir. |
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