| 军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)性腺分化及首周年发育的组织学观察 |
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| 引用本文： | 邝杰华,陈刚,马骞,毛非凡,周启苓,黄建盛,施钢,张健东.军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)性腺分化及首周年发育的组织学观察[J].海洋学报,2021,43(8):128-138. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邝杰华 陈刚 马骞 毛非凡 周启苓 黄建盛 施钢 张健东 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广东海洋大学 水产学院，广东 湛江 524025 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-47)；南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江)资助项目(ZJW-2019-06)；广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目(R19022) |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究采用石蜡组织切片和H.E.染色法对军曹鱼原始性腺的形成、分化及精巢和卵巢首周年发育的组织结构变化进行观察。结果显示，军曹鱼原始生殖细胞在7孵化日龄(days post hatching，dph)时迁移到达生殖嵴，随后体细胞出现聚集和分裂，并于15 dph将原始生殖细胞完全包绕形成原始性腺。军曹鱼卵巢分化的时间要早于精巢，34 dph的稚鱼性腺组织尚未分化，但可观察到两种存在明显组织学差异的性腺类型，其中一种类型的性腺出现卵原细胞群，而另一种类型的性腺横切面较狭长，生殖细胞数量明显较少，因此推定为未分化精巢；卵巢的解剖学分化开始于44 dph，其标志为卵巢腔的形成；50 dph时精巢开始细胞学上的分化，此时精原细胞由基底膜包被形成囊泡状的细胞团。在首周年发育期间 (60～360 dph)，军曹鱼的精巢发育包含I、II、III、IV、V 5个时期，而卵巢发育只包含I、II、III 3个时期。60 dph时，精巢和卵巢均处于I期；90 dph时，精巢发育至II期，卵巢仍处于I期；120 dph时，超过半数的精巢已发育至 III期，仅少部分卵巢发育至II期；150 dph时，精巢已发育至III期，而大部分卵巢发育至II期；185 dph时，精巢仍为III期，卵巢均已发育至II期；210 dph时，大部分精巢发育至IV期，卵巢仍处于II期；360 dph时，精巢已发育至V期，大部分卵巢发育至III期。上述研究结果可丰富军曹鱼的繁殖生物学研究基础，阐明其早期性腺发育规律，还可为其人工繁殖提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 军曹鱼 原始生殖细胞 性腺分化 性腺发育 组织学观察 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-13 |
Histological observation on gonadal differentiation and first annual gonadal development of cobia (Rachycentron canadum) |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, China2.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, histological observation of gonadogenesis, gonadal differentiation and first annual gonadal development in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) was performed based on paraffin section and H.E. staining method. The results of histological observations showed that the primordial germ cells (PGCs) arrived at the genital ridge at 7 dph (days post hatching), then the somatic cells began to aggregate around the PGCs. At 15 dph, the PGCs were enclosed entirely by somatic cells and formed the primary gonad. Two types of primary gonads with noticeable histological differences could be observed at 34 dph. The presence of clusters of oogonia characterized a part of primary gonads. The other primary gonads showed a narrower cross-section with fewer germ cells, which were presumed to be undifferentiated testis. Similar to other fishes, ovarian differentiation of cobia was anterior to testicular differentiation. The anatomical indication of ovarian differentiation was the ovarian cavity formation, which occurred at 44 dph. The cytological differentiation of testis began at about 50 dph and was characterized by the presence of spermatogonial acinar-clusters. The first annual development of testes could be divided into five stages (I, II, III, IV, V), while the development of the ovaries was divided into three stages (I, II, III). Testes and ovaries were both developed to early Stage I at 60 dph. All of the testes developed to Stage II at 90 dph; the ovaries were still at Stage I. More than half of the testes developed to Stage III and part of the ovaries developed to Stage II at 120 dph. The testes were mainly developed to Stage III at 150 dph; most of the ovaries were at Stage II. The testes were still at stage III, and the ovaries were developed to Stage II at 185 dph. Most of the testes developed to Stage IV at 210 dph, but the ovaries were still at Stage II. At 360 dph, the testes entered Stage V, and most of the ovaries developed to Stage III. These findings could clarify gonadal development characteristics and provide a theoretical basis for the artificial breeding of cobia. |
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