| 广西北海银滩侵蚀动力研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘涛,王增军,张建兵.广西北海银滩侵蚀动力研究[J].海洋学报,2020,42(7):147-154. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘涛 王增军 张建兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广西大学 海洋学院，广西 南宁 530004 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41306075）；北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室开放基金（2015BGERLKF09）；广西自然科学基金项目（2014GXNSFBA118222）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 广西北海银滩是一处典型的强潮海滩，以滩面宽阔、砂质纯白为特征，为当地的一处著名旅游景点。近年来银滩也出现了岸线后退、滩肩消失、沉积粗化等侵蚀迹象。为了研究银滩侵蚀的动力机制，本文对银滩海水浴场当前的滩面高程、坡度以及滩面后退距离特征进行了调查和分析。并基于2016?2018年间的滩面高程动态变化，分析了冬、春季风浪和台风期间水位、波浪特征与滩面侵蚀之间的关系，并进而探讨了最有可能造成银滩侵蚀的台风路径。研究表明，1985年以来的滩面最大后退距离为80 m，侵蚀造成海滩上部滩面坡度降低，使得海滩上部的剖面形态向上凸状转化。冬、春季节的风浪叠加高水位可能会造成一定程度的滩面侵蚀，并在海滩上部形成脊槽地貌，但是这种侵蚀会被夏季西南向涌浪导致的回淤所恢复。造成银滩侵蚀后退的主要原因是2003年以来风暴潮重现频率增加。发源于西太平洋，经海南岛北部或雷州半岛进入北部湾的台风可以导致显著的海岸增水，最易于引起强烈的海滩侵蚀事件。银滩东侧的渔港码头阻断了自东向西的泥沙沿岸净输运，也是加剧银滩侵蚀的重要因素。
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| 关 键 词： | 海滩侵蚀 台风 海滩剖面形态 银滩 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/7/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/9/16 0:00:00 |
The dynamic of the Yintan Beach erosion in the Beihai, Guangxi |
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| Liu Tao,Wang Zengjun,Zhang Jianbin.The dynamic of the Yintan Beach erosion in the Beihai, Guangxi[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese),2020,42(7):147-154. |
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| Authors: | Liu Tao Wang Zengjun Zhang Jianbin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China2.Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China3.Beihai Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Station, State Oceanic Administration, Beihai 536000, China |
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| Abstract: | The Yintan Beach in the Beihai, Guangxi, is a typical macro-tidal beach characterized by wide beach surface and pure white sand. In recent years, Yintan Beach has been eroded, which result in the retreat of coastline and the disappearance each shoulder. To study the dynamic of beach erosion, the elevation, slope and retreat distance of beach surface were comprehensively analyzed. The change of beach surface elevation caused by Typhoon 1621 and Typhoon 1713, as well as the water level process and offshore wave characteristics during the two typhoons were studied. The relationship between typhoon track and beach erosion was discussed. The results show that since 1985, the position line of average sea level has retreated by 0-80 m. Beach erosion has resulted in a decrease in the slope of the upper beach surface and a more convex beach profile. The main reason for beach erosion is the frequency increase of typhoon landing in recent years. Typhoons that originate in the western Pacific Ocean and enter the Beibu Gulf through the northern part of the Hainan Island or Leizhou Peninsula can form strong storms and cause higher coastal water increase along the coast of the Guangxi, which is most likely to lead to strong beach erosion events. |
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| Keywords: | beach erosion typhoon beach section shape Yintan Beach |
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