| 均质土岸坡崩塌与河床冲淤交互过程试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 李国敏,余明辉,陈曦,胡呈维.均质土岸坡崩塌与河床冲淤交互过程试验[J].水科学进展,2015,26(1):66-73. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李国敏 余明辉 陈曦 胡呈维 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点试验室, 湖北武汉 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51339001;11472198)~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 在弯道水槽中展开系列试验,研究水力冲刷过程中均质土岸坡冲刷崩塌输移与河床冲淤过程及其影响因素。该过程及变化特征可描述为:水下坡面侵蚀及坡脚淘刷导致岸坡失稳崩塌;暂时堆积在凹岸坡脚处的崩塌体加剧附近水流紊动程度利于其输运与分解;分解后较粗的颗粒随弯道螺旋流以推移质形式被输移至下游凸岸落淤,较细的颗粒大部分都随水流以悬移质形式被携带至下游出口;水流结构随岸坡及河床变形而调整;如此循环往复。试验成果进一步表明:冲刷状态下,试验材料黏性越小、近岸流速越大、作用时间越长,岸坡冲刷崩塌量及河床冲刷量都越大;同条件下岸坡冲刷崩塌总量大于河床冲刷总量,且河床相对冲刷率随岸坡冲刷崩塌量的增大而减小,数值范围为0.40~0.92。
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| 关 键 词： | 均质土 岸坡崩塌 河床演变 河床相对冲刷率 水槽试验 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-07-03 |
Experimental study on the interaction between bank collapse and riverbed evolution of homogeneous soil |
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| LI Guomin;YU Minghui;CHEN Xi;HU Chengwei.Experimental study on the interaction between bank collapse and riverbed evolution of homogeneous soil[J].Advances in Water Science,2015,26(1):66-73. |
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| Authors: | LI Guomin;YU Minghui;CHEN Xi;HU Chengwei |
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| Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | Bank collapse is a sudden change of lateral channel migration, along with the riverbed deformation. The paper presents a study on the process and influence factor of bank collapse and bed evolution of homogeneous soil through a series of experiments carried out in a bend flume. Experimental results reveal a repeat process as follows: Bank collapse after accumulative basal erosion, the failed bank soil remaining at the bank-toe temporarily but soon afterwards being disintegrated and transported by intensified turbulent flow nearby, the coarser soil disintegrated from the bank or the fallen block being dragged to the convex bank downstream as bed load while the finer parts being transported by flow as suspended load, near-bank current structure being adjusted due to bank collapse and bed evolution. The research also reveals that the magnitude of the bank collapse or the riverbed erosion are mainly in proportion to the near-bank velocity and scouring duration, but reverse to the cohesion of material. The amount of bank collapse is larger than that of bed erosion when the channel suffers from erosion. The range of the named relative rate of bed erosion is about 0.40~0.92, decreasing as the amount of bank erosion. |
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| Keywords: | homogeneous soil bank collapse river evolution the relative rate of bed erosion flume experiment |
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