| 森林火灾对典型小流域径流影响模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 周艳春,张永强,许士国.森林火灾对典型小流域径流影响模拟[J].水科学进展,2013,24(2):190-196. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周艳春 张永强 许士国 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.大连理工大学建设工程学部,辽宁大连 116024; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以澳大利亚东南部Mcmahons Creek 流域1983年发生的森林火灾为例,运用AWRA-L和新安江模型模拟火灾后流域的基准径流过程,进而估算火灾对径流的影响。AWRA-L和新安江模型模拟结果表明,火灾发生后14年(1983—1997年)内流域产水量分别增加140 mm和123 mm,占火灾前(1974—1982年)年均径流量的33%和29%;火灾发生14年后的1998—2004年,增加量分别为43 mm和33 mm,占火灾前年均径流量的10%和8%。说明森林火灾引起短期内流域径流量的明显增加,随着植被的恢复流域产流增加量减少,森林砍伐是后期径流增加的重要原因。该研究对森林流域的水资源管理具有重要的参考价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 森林火灾 径流 水文模型 森林砍伐 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012-03-14 |
Simulation of bushfire impacts on runoff in a typical small-sized catchment |
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| ZHOU Yanchun,ZHANG Yongqiang,XU Shiguo.Simulation of bushfire impacts on runoff in a typical small-sized catchment[J].Advances in Water Science,2013,24(2):190-196. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yanchun ZHANG Yongqiang XU Shiguo |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China;2.CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The Mcmahons Creek catchment is located in southeast Australia, where a bushfire occurred in February 1983.The catchment is selected for a case study to investigate the bushfire impacts on the streamflow regime.The Australian Water Resources Assessment System Landscape (AWRA-L) model and the Chinese Xin'anjiang model are used for hydrological simulations on the catchment.The impact of bushfire on the streamflow regime can be measured by the difference in runoff before and after the occurrence of the bushfire.The result shows that the average of annual runoff in the first 14 years (1983-1997) after the bushfire is increased by 140 mm for the AWRA-L model, and 123 mm for the Xin'anjiang model.The corresponding increases are 33% and 29%, respectively.This is compared to that before the bushfire averaging for the period 1974-1982.During the period 1998-2004 (or the second 14 years after the bushfire), another increase of 43 mm (10%) is obtained for the AWRA-L model.While for the Xin'anjiang model, the extra amount in annual runoff is 33 mm (8%).The study demonstrates that although there is a substantial increase in annual runoff in the immediate post-fire period, the increment of runoff generation will be gradually reduced due to the recovering of plantations.Logging is an important factor for the runoff increase in the first 14 years after the bushfire.The study also provides a reference to the practice of water resources management in forest catchments. |
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| Keywords: | bushfire stream flow hydrological model logging |
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