| 面向需水管理的居民用水行为研究进展 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 钟方雷,郭爱君,蒋岱位,杨肖,姚文戈,鲁婕.面向需水管理的居民用水行为研究进展[J].水科学进展,2018,29(3):446-454. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 钟方雷 郭爱君 蒋岱位 杨肖 姚文戈 鲁婕 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.兰州大学经济学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000; |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41571516）；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2016M590980） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 需水管理是水资源管理新趋势，居民用水行为研究是需水管理的微观基础。从居民用水行为的社会学、经济学及计算机模拟研究方面，述评国内外研究进展，为相关研究提供借鉴。社会学研究从易测量的客观因素开始，通过潜变量指代等方法逐步拓展至难以度量的主观因素，依靠计划行动理论揭示要素影响机理。经济学研究通过计量经济学模型评估需求价格弹性、水价结构与收取方式的影响、用水管制与价格调控的综合影响及适用条件。计算机模拟研究注重算法改进，向多代理人模型拓展，与复杂网络、社会影响理论结合，重演历史水资源事件及管理策略效应，提出改进建议。国内总体处于跟随阶段，注重研究方法与国内实际相结合。未来研究需加强社会学、经济学和计算机模拟的综合。
|
| 关 键 词： | 需水管理 居民用水行为 社会学 经济学 模拟模型 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-05-31 |
Research progress regarding residents' water consumption behavior as relates to water demand management: a literature review |
| |
| ZHONG Fanglei,GUO Aijun,JIANG Daiwei,YANG Xiao,YAO Wenge,LU Jie.Research progress regarding residents' water consumption behavior as relates to water demand management: a literature review[J].Advances in Water Science,2018,29(3):446-454. |
| |
| Authors: | ZHONG Fanglei GUO Aijun JIANG Daiwei YANG Xiao YAO Wenge LU Jie |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.School of Economics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;2.Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Water demand management is attracting increasing attention within the field of water resource management. Residents are the basic water use units and are the participants, executors and beneficiaries of water demand management. Research on the rules, influential factors and mechanisms of residents' water consumption behavior serves as the micro-foundation of effective water demand management strategies. From the standpoints of sociology, economics and computer simulation of residents' water consumption behavior, this paper gives a detailed review of research progress both within China and abroad to provide a reference for related research. The investigation shows that with the development of investigation techniques and theories, sociological research on residents' water consumption behavior gradually progresses from easily measurable objective factors to subjective factors that are difficult to measure. It obtains data through latent variables and observational variables, and uses the theory of planned behavior to deconstruct residents' water consumption behavior in myriad aspects. It also uses structural equation modeling, large-scale sociological survey experiments and environmental psychology repeated behavior models to reveal the impact mechanism. Economic research on residents' water consumption behavior aims to analyze the mechanism of micro-individual behavior under the influence of economic measures. This research also simulates the change of variables through econometric models to evaluate price elasticity of demand, impact of water pricing structures and billing frequency on demand, the comprehensive impact of water regulation and price regulations on residents' water consumption behavior, and how restrictions work with regard to economic measures. Research on computer simulations of residents' water consumption behavior that focus on improving simulation algorithms of micro-individual behavior, such as agent-based models expanding to multi-agent-based models, combined with complex network theory and social influence theory, can collectively summarize water consumption at the regional scale and repeat historical water resources events and simulation of water demand management strategies to provide recommendations for assessing and improving policy. Generally speaking, relevant domestic research is still in the follow-up stage; however, the focus is on improving the applicability of research methods in light of domestic practice. Future research needs to strengthen the synthesis of analytical methods such as sociology, economics and computer simulation, understanding residents' diversity issues, and explore habits, preferences, awareness, psychology and other potential factors behind residents' water consumption behavior. |
| |
| Keywords: | water demand management residential water consumption behavior sociology economics simulation model |
|
| 点击此处可从《水科学进展》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《水科学进展》下载全文 |
|
