| 极端洪水灾害损失评估方法及应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 仇蕾,王慧敏,马树建.极端洪水灾害损失评估方法及应用[J].水科学进展,2009,20(6):869-875. |
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| 作者姓名： | 仇蕾 王慧敏 马树建 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏, 南京, 210098; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目，教育部新世纪优秀人才计划资助项目，水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目，江苏省高校自然科学研究资助项目，南京工业大学青年教师学术基金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 极端洪水灾害具有频率低、影响范围大、损失高等特点,一般常遇洪水的灾害损失评估方法难以适用。分析了极端洪水灾害的自然属性与社会属性,认为极端洪水灾害损失具有时空分布的特性,因此借鉴空间信息格网技术,分别形成了极端洪水水文特性格网与社会经济特性格网,并将其叠加得到具有空间拓扑关系和属性信息的基于GIS的极端洪水损失空间信息格网模型,从而有效地反映了极端洪水灾害的时空特性。结合极端洪水损失率数据库,可评估极端洪水灾害损失。利用该方法评估了1998年特大洪水造成哈尔滨市江南主城区的直接经济损失,实证说明该方法可用于极端洪水灾害损失的评估。
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| 关 键 词： | 极端洪水灾害 洪灾损失评估 空间信息格网 哈尔滨 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-01-12 |
Assessment method for extreme flood disaster losses and its application |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2.Institute of Management Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;3.College of Science, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjiing 210007, China |
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| Abstract: | Extreme flood is characterized with low frequency but large affecting area and huge economic loss. The natural and social attributions of extreme flood disaster were analyzed in the paper. The current assessment methods are mainly used for common frequently-occurred flood, but not suitable for extreme flood.The spatial information grid of hydrological characteristics and social economic attribution for extreme flood were constructed through referencing the spatial information technology. In further, the spatial information grid model of extreme flood losses was established with the spatial topological relationship of different grid information. The model can not only reflect the spatial characteristics of extreme flood, but also assess the losses of extreme flood through combining relevant database. The model was employed to assess the direct economic loss in main city district north to Songhuajiang River in Harbin City, which indicates the model is feasible in practice for extreme flood disaster losses assessment. |
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| Keywords: | extreme flood disaster flood disaster assessment spatial information grid Harbin City |
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