Using foliation inflection/intersection axes investigates orogenesis: Take Arkansas River region, USA for example
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摘要:
基于变形分解理论提出的面理弯切轴测量技术，通过对变斑晶中多期面理的测定分析，为厘定造山运动中的变形过程提供了新的精确定量研究手段。面理弯切轴数据已经被用于解决地质领域多种问题，例如：研究造山运动过程中变形变质历史以及在区域和造山带尺度对比多期变质作用；论证变斑晶生长过程是否发生旋转；变斑晶成核生长与区域变形过程之间的关系；重建板块运动历史过程；约束不同地质事件的发生时限；划分复杂变形分解类型以及岩浆侵位机制及时限研究。本文主要介绍面理弯切轴测量方法的原理、具体测定方法、研究意义及应用范围，并以美国阿肯色地区为例，详细介绍了面理弯切轴测量技术在造山运动过程区域变形历史重建中的应用。
Abstract:The measurement of foliation inflection/intersection axes (FIA) preserved within porphyroblasts, have revealed much more extensive histories of deformation and metamorphism than previously recognized during the study of orogenesis. FIA data have been applied to solving many geological problems, such as investigating tectonometamorphic histories; correlating multiple phases of metamorphism on local and orogenic scales; studying porphyroblast nucleation and growth relative to deformation; reconstructing plate motions; constraining age dates; defining complex deformation partitioning patterns; and investigating pluton emplacement mechanisms and timing. This paper main focused on the significance of FIA data, the measurement of FIA and how it can be applied to solving geological problems. Take Arkansas River region, USA for example to interpret the application of FIA measurements in regional and detail study of deformation process during orogenesis.
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图 1
变斑晶中面理弯曲 (左) 或相互交切 (右) 轴示意图 (据Bruce，2007修改)
Figure 1.
Foliation Inflexion Axis (left) and Foliation Intersection Axis (right) (modified after Bruce, 2007)
图 2
面理弯切轴原理示意图 (根据Bell et al., 2004修改)
Figure 2.
Sketch illustrating the principle behind FIA measurement (after Bell et al., 2004)
图 3
美国科罗拉多州阿肯色河地区斜长石变斑晶中Z形面理 (逆时针旋转，样品C36-120)
Figure 3.
Anticlockwise inclusion trails in plagioclase porphyroblast from Arkansas River region, Colorado, USA (sample C36-120)
图 4
美国科罗拉多州阿肯色河地区堇青石变斑晶中的褶劈理 (样品C20)
Figure 4.
Crenulation cleavage and crenulated cleavage in cordierite porphyroblast from Arkansas River region, Colorado, USA (sample C20)
图 5
科罗拉多州和新墨西哥州原生代地质构造示意图 (据Jones and Connelly, 2006修改)
Figure 5.
The map shows Proterozoic rocks and Proterozoic crustal province boundaries and/or transition zones (after Jones and Connelly, 2006)
图 6
美国阿肯色河地区区域地质图 (据Siddoway et al., 2000; Gartner et al., 2001修改)
Figure 6.
Geological map of the Texas Creek-Five Point Gulch area showing sample locations (after Siddoway et al., 2000; Gartner et al., 2001)
图 7
美国新墨西哥州北部Picuris Range地区地质图 (图中标注本研究样品采集位置)
Figure 7.
Geological map of Picuris Range region in Northern-Central New Mexico (after Fletcher, unpublished data) showing sample locations
图 9
美国科罗拉多州阿肯色河地区根据多期生长变斑晶内包裹物迹线由核部到翼部变化推断面理弯切轴数据形成的先后顺序示意图
Figure 9.
hows the determination of the sequence of FIA set from Arkansas River region, Colorado, USA
图 11
美国阿肯色河地区第一期面理弯切轴电子探针独居石年龄及对应挤压主应力方向
Figure 11.
Shows the EPMA monazite age of FIA set 1and the horizontal bulk shortening direction during this stage
图 12
美国新墨西哥州北部Picuris Range地区面理弯切轴数据图
Figure 12.
FIA data for northern New Mexico plotted on a rose diagram showing 5 distinct peaks in distribution corresponding to 5 FIA trends preserved by porphyroblasts
图 13
美国科罗拉多州阿肯色河地区和新墨西哥州Picuris Range地区各期面理弯切轴数据及对应电子探针独居石定年数据图 (竖直标注年龄为板块运动发生转变的时代)
Figure 13.
FIA sequences for central Colorado and northern New Mexico assembled into a dated six FIA sequence using combined monazite EPMA data, with approximate dates for plate motion regime transitions in vertical text
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