The geochronology, mineralogy and geochemistry study of the Pulang porphyry copper deposits in Geza arc of Yunnan Province
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摘要:
普朗斑岩型铜矿床位于西南三江构造火成岩带义敦岛弧南端，是晚三叠世甘孜-理塘洋壳向德格-中甸陆块俯冲的产物，是我国近年来印支期新发现的超大型铜多金属矿床。与成矿关系密切的斑岩体的岩石类型主要为石英闪长玢岩和石英二长斑岩，通过系统的锆石U-Pb测年方法获得，含矿石英闪长玢岩的形成年龄为219.6±3.5Ma，石英二长斑岩的形成年龄为212.8±1.9Ma。岩石地球化学特征表明，SiO2含量为61.99%～70.58%，Al2O3含量为10.84%～14.96%，MgO含量为1.5%～3.96%，A/CNK值为0.80～1.08，为准铝质-弱过铝质。岩石轻稀土较富集，轻重稀土分馏明显((La/Yb)N=11.41～16.48)，δEu(0.76～0.9)值无明显异常。微量元素表现出具较高的Sr(244×10-6～845×10-6)、Ba(543×10-6～2237×10-6)含量，Y、Yb含量较低(Y=6.83×10-6～17.65×10-6，Yb=0.97×10-6～1.09×10-6)指示岩石类型为造山带钙碱性花岗岩系列，具I型花岗岩的特点。利用黑云母和角闪石地质温压计估算出岩浆的结晶温度为750～800℃，岩体侵位的压力为0.77×108～0.9×108 Pa，相应的岩体侵位深度在2.55～2.97km，氧逸度为10-9～10-12bar，反映了成矿斑岩体形成于高温、高氧逸度的环境，岩浆侵位具浅成-超浅成侵位的特点。结合本区岩石地球化学、矿物学及同位素年代学的研究，推测普朗成矿斑岩体深部仍存在类似的斑岩型Cu(Au)矿化，具有良好的找矿前景。
Abstract:Pulang porphyry copper deposits located in southern of Yidun arc of the southwest Sanjiang tectonic igneous rock belts, which is the production of Ganzi-Litang oceanic crust subducted to the Zhongdian block in Late Triassic. This deposit is a recently discovered superlarge copper-polymetallic deposit formed in Indosinian, China. The ore-bearing porphyries are predominated by quartz diorite porphyry and quartz monzonite porphyry. Through the systematic zircon U-Pb dating method, we get the formation age of ore-bearing quartz diorite porphyry was 219.6±3.5Ma, the age of ore-bearing quartz monzonite porphyry was 212.8±1.9Ma. Geochemical features showed that Pulang porphyries contain 61.99%～70.58% SiO2, 10.84%～14.96% Al2O3 and 1.5%～3.96% MgO. The A/CNK values ranging from 0.80 to 1.08 indicate that they belong to the metaluminous to weakly peraluminous attribute. These rocks are relatively enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE((La/Yb)N=11.41～16.48). δEu values range from 0.76～0.9 show that the rocks are not have obvious Eu abnormalities. These have the high Sr(244×10-6～845×10-6), Ba(543×10-6～2237×10-6)content, indicating that these rocks belong to the orogenic calc-alkaline granite and I-type series. Estimated using the biotite and hornblende geothermometer and geobarometer, porphyry formed at the temperature of 750～800℃, the pressure of 0.77×108～0.9×108 Pa(emplacement depth approximately at 2.55～2.97km), magma oxygen fugacity of 10-9~10-12bar, which reflect the porphyry formed in high temperature, high oxygen fugacity environment, and it has the characteristics of shallow and super shallow emplacement. Combining geochemical, mineralogical and geochronological studies in this area, we speculate that Pulang porphyry still has the similar Cu-Au mineralization in the deep and a great perspective for prospecting.
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Key words:
- Composite porphyry /
- Zircon U-Pb dating /
- Mineralogical characteristics /
- Petrogenesis /
- Puang
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图 1
普朗斑岩型铜矿地质图(据云南省地质调查局，2009①修改)
Figure 1.
Geological map of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit
图 2
普朗复式斑岩体岩石学特征
Figure 2.
Photographs of respresentative rocks from Pulang porphyries
图 3
普朗复式岩体锆石阴极发光(CL)图像
Figure 3.
cathodoluminescence(CL)images of zircon from Pulang composite pluton
图 4
锆石206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U谐和图
Figure 4.
Zircon 206Pb/238U-207Pb/235U concordia diagram from Pulang composite pluton
图 5
侵入岩SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)图解(据Middlemost, 1994)
Figure 5.
Diagram of SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)for Pulang porphyries(after Middlemost, 1994)
图 6
侵入岩SiO2-K2O图解(据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976)
Figure 6.
Diagram of SiO2-K2O for Pulang porphyries(after Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976)
图 7
稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图(a, 标准化值据Sun and McDonough, 1989)和微量元素蛛网图(b, 标准化值据Taylor and McLennan, 1985)
Figure 7.
Chlondrite normalized patterns(a, normalizing values after Sun and McDonough, 1989) and primitative mantle normalized patterns(b, normalizing values after Taylor and McLennan, 1985)of Pulang composite pluton
图 8
普朗成矿斑岩体年龄频谱图
Figure 8.
The age frequency spectrum for Pulang intrusive rocks in Pulang porphyries
图 9
黑云母来源投点图(底图据楼亚儿和杜杨松，2006)
Figure 9.
Diagram of the source of biotites from Pulang porphyries(base map after Lou and Du, 2006)
图 10
黑云母的MgO-Al2O3 图(底图据Abdel-Rahman, 1994)
Figure 10.
Diagram of MgO-Al2O3 for biotites in Pulang porphyries(after Abdel-Rahman, 1994)
图 11
角闪石-黑云母矿物对温度、压力图解(据林文蔚和殷秀兰，1998)
Figure 11.
Relationship of composition of coexisting amphibole-biotite to temperatureand pressure(after Lin and Yin, 1998)
图 12
黑云母Fe3+-Fe2+-Mg2+图(底图据Wones and Eugster, 1965)
Figure 12.
Fe3+-Fe2+-Mg2+ diagram for biotites in Pulang porphyries(after Wones and Eugster, 1965)
图 13
花岗岩及其相关矿床氧逸度-温度关系图解(据Cěrny et al., 2005)
Figure 13.
Oxygen fugacity-temperature relationships for granites and igneous related mineral deposits(after Cěrny et al., 2005)
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